महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-170, verse-21

तेषां परमदुःखानां बुद्ध्या भैषज्यमाचरेत् ।
लोकधर्मं समाज्ञाय ध्रुवाणामध्रुवैः सह ॥२१॥

21. teṣāṁ paramaduḥkhānāṁ buddhyā bhaiṣajyamācaret ,
lokadharmaṁ samājñāya dhruvāṇāmadhruvaiḥ saha.

21. teṣām paramaduḥkhānām buddhyā bhaiṣajyam ācaret
lokadharmam samājñāya dhruvāṇām adhruvaiḥ saha

21. lokadharmam samājñāya dhruvāṇām adhruvaiḥ saha (sambandham)
teṣām paramaduḥkhānām buddhyā bhaiṣajyam ācaret

21. One should employ intelligence as a remedy for those extreme sufferings, having fully understood the natural law (dharma) of the world concerning the interplay of the permanent and the impermanent.

Words meanings summery:

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (neuter plural genitive)

• परमदुःखानाम् (paramaduḥkhānām) - of the greatest sufferings, of supreme miseries

• बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intellect, by understanding, with intelligence

• भैषज्यम् (bhaiṣajyam) - remedy, medicine, cure

• आचरेत् (ācaret) - one should practice/apply/perform

• लोकधर्मम् (lokadharmam) - the natural law (dharma) of the world, worldly custom

• समाज्ञाय (samājñāya) - having fully understood, having known well

• ध्रुवाणाम् (dhruvāṇām) - of the permanent, of the constant things

• अध्रुवैः (adhruvaiḥ) - with the impermanent, with the inconstant things

• सह (saha) - with, along with

Words meanings and morphology

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (neuter plural genitive)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, those

परमदुःखानाम् (paramaduḥkhānām) - of the greatest sufferings, of supreme miseries

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of paramaduḥkha

paramaduḥkha - supreme suffering, greatest misery

Tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (parama+duḥkha)

• parama – supreme, highest, utmost
  adjective
• duḥkha – suffering, pain, misery
  noun (neuter)

बुद्ध्या (buddhyā) - by intellect, by understanding, with intelligence

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, understanding, intelligence, perception

भैषज्यम् (bhaiṣajyam) - remedy, medicine, cure

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhaiṣajya

bhaiṣajya - remedy, medicine, healing

आचरेत् (ācaret) - one should practice/apply/perform

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi liṅ) of ācar

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

लोकधर्मम् (lokadharmam) - the natural law (dharma) of the world, worldly custom

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of lokadharma

lokadharma - the natural law (dharma) of the world, custom of people

Tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (loka+dharma)

• loka – world, people, realm
  noun (masculine)
• dharma – constitution, natural law, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)

समाज्ञाय (samājñāya) - having fully understood, having known well

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed with '-ya' suffix after prefixes 'sam' and 'ā'.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: jñā (class 9)

ध्रुवाणाम् (dhruvāṇām) - of the permanent, of the constant things

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, plural of dhruva

dhruva - permanent, constant, fixed, certain

Note: Substantivized adjective, refers to 'permanent things'.

अध्रुवैः (adhruvaiḥ) - with the impermanent, with the inconstant things

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of adhruva

adhruva - impermanent, inconstant, unstable

Negative Tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+dhruva)

• a – not, non-
  prefix
  Negative prefix.
• dhruva – permanent, constant
  adjective

Note: Substantivized adjective, refers to 'impermanent things'.

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)