महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-17, verse-8

एकोदरकृते व्याघ्रः करोति विघसं बहु ।
तमन्येऽप्युपजीवन्ति मन्दवेगंचरा मृगाः ॥८॥

8. ekodarakṛte vyāghraḥ karoti vighasaṁ bahu ,
tamanye'pyupajīvanti mandavegaṁcarā mṛgāḥ.

8. ekodarakṛte vyāghraḥ karoti vighasam bahu
tam anye api upajīvanti mandavegaṃcarāḥ mṛgāḥ

8. vyāghraḥ ekodarakṛte bahu vighasam karoti
anye api mandavegaṃcarāḥ mṛgāḥ tam upajīvanti

8. For the sake of its own belly, a tiger makes much prey. Others, even the slow-moving deer, subsist on it.

Words meanings summery:

• एकोदरकृते (ekodarakṛte) - for the sake of one's own belly/stomach

• व्याघ्रः (vyāghraḥ) - a tiger

• करोति (karoti) - does, makes, performs

• विघसम् (vighasam) - remnants of food; scraps; prey

• बहु (bahu) - much, many, abundant

• तम् (tam) - on it (referring to the 'vighasam' or the act of providing food) (him, it)

• अन्ये (anye) - others

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• उपजीवन्ति (upajīvanti) - they subsist on; they live by

• मन्दवेगंचराः (mandavegaṁcarāḥ) - slow-moving

• मृगाः (mṛgāḥ) - deer; animals

Words meanings and morphology

एकोदरकृते (ekodarakṛte) - for the sake of one's own belly/stomach

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ekodarakṛta

ekodarakṛta - done for one's own belly; for the sake of one's livelihood

Past Passive Participle (secondary derivative)

From 'ekodara' (one's own belly) + 'kṛta' (made, done). Here used as an adverbial locative.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ekodara+kṛta)

• eka – one, single, alone
  numeral/adjective (masculine)
• udara – belly, stomach, abdomen
  noun (neuter)
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'kṛ' (to do, make).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'for the sake of'.

व्याघ्रः (vyāghraḥ) - a tiger

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāghra

vyāghra - tiger

करोति (karoti) - does, makes, performs

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present Active Voice

Third person singular present indicative, active voice of root 'kṛ'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

विघसम् (vighasam) - remnants of food; scraps; prey

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vighasa

vighasa - remnants of food, scraps, prey, food

From root 'ghas' (to eat) with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: ghas (class 1)

बहु (bahu) - much, many, abundant

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bahu

bahu - much, many, abundant, numerous, extensive

Note: Agrees with 'vighasam'.

तम् (tam) - on it (referring to the 'vighasam' or the act of providing food) (him, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the 'vighasam' (prey/scraps) created by the tiger.

अन्ये (anye) - others

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

उपजीवन्ति (upajīvanti) - they subsist on; they live by

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of upajīv

Present Active Voice

Third person plural present indicative, active voice of root 'jīv' with prefix 'upa'.

Prefix: upa

Root: jīv (class 1)

मन्दवेगंचराः (mandavegaṁcarāḥ) - slow-moving

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mandavegaṃcara

mandavegaṁcara - slow-moving, moving slowly

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (manda+vega+cara)

• manda – slow, dull, weak, gentle
  adjective (masculine)
• vega – speed, velocity, impetus, current
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'vij' (to move rapidly).
  Root: vij (class 6)
• cara – moving, going, a mover
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'car' (to move, wander).
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'mṛgāḥ'.

मृगाः (mṛgāḥ) - deer; animals

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mṛga

mṛga - deer, wild animal, game