महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-17, verse-4

नाह्ना पूरयितुं शक्या न मासेन नरर्षभ ।
अपूर्यां पूरयन्निच्छामायुषापि न शक्नुयात् ॥४॥

4. nāhnā pūrayituṁ śakyā na māsena nararṣabha ,
apūryāṁ pūrayannicchāmāyuṣāpi na śaknuyāt.

4. na ahnā pūrayitum śakyā na māsena nararṣabha
apūryām pūrayan icchām āyuṣā api na śaknuyāt

4. nararṣabha ahnā na pūrayitum śakyā māsena na
apūryām icchām pūrayan āyuṣā api na śaknuyāt

4. O best of men, (desire) cannot be satisfied in a single day or even a month. One attempting to fulfill an insatiable desire would not succeed, even with their entire lifespan.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अह्ना (ahnā) - in a day (by day, in a day)

• पूरयितुम् (pūrayitum) - to satisfy (to fill, to complete, to satisfy)

• शक्या (śakyā) - able (to be filled/satisfied) (capable, able, possible)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• मासेन (māsena) - in a month (by a month, in a month)

• नरर्षभ (nararṣabha) - O best of men (O best of men, O chief of men)

• अपूर्याम् (apūryām) - insatiable (unfillable, insatiable, impossible to satisfy)

• पूरयन् (pūrayan) - one who attempts to fill/satisfy (filling, satisfying, one who fills)

• इच्छाम् (icchām) - desire (desire, wish, longing)

• आयुषा (āyuṣā) - with their entire lifespan (by life, with one's lifespan)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• शक्नुयात् (śaknuyāt) - one would be able (to succeed) (one would be able, one might be able)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle

अह्ना (ahnā) - in a day (by day, in a day)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of ahan

ahan - day

पूरयितुम् (pūrayitum) - to satisfy (to fill, to complete, to satisfy)

(verb)

active, infinitive of pūr

Infinitive

Causative stem √pūr- (10th class or secondary causative) + -tum suffix

Root: pṛ (class 9)

शक्या (śakyā) - able (to be filled/satisfied) (capable, able, possible)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śakya

śakya - possible, capable, practicable, fit

Gerundive

Derived from √śak with -ya suffix

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Implies 'it is not able to be filled', agreeing with implied `icchā`.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle

मासेन (māsena) - in a month (by a month, in a month)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of māsa

māsa - month

नरर्षभ (nararṣabha) - O best of men (O best of men, O chief of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of nararṣabha

nararṣabha - best of men, chief of men

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+ṛṣabha)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, best, chief
  noun (masculine)

अपूर्याम् (apūryām) - insatiable (unfillable, insatiable, impossible to satisfy)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of apūrya

apūrya - unfillable, insatiable, not to be satisfied

Gerundive (negative)

a (negation) + pūrya (gerundive of √pūr 'to fill')

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+pūrya)

• a – not, non, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• pūrya – to be filled, fillable
  adjective
  Gerundive
  Derived from √pūr (causative of √pṛ) with -ya suffix
  Root: pṛ (class 9)

Note: Agrees with `icchām`.

पूरयन् (pūrayan) - one who attempts to fill/satisfy (filling, satisfying, one who fills)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pūrayat

pūrayat - filling, satisfying, completing

Present Active Participle

Causative stem √pūr- (10th class or secondary causative) + śatṛ suffix

Root: pṛ (class 9)

Note: Subject of `śaknuyāt`

इच्छाम् (icchām) - desire (desire, wish, longing)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of icchā

icchā - desire, wish, longing, will

Derived from √iṣ 'to wish, desire'

Root: iṣ (class 6)

Note: Object of `pūrayan`

आयुषा (āyuṣā) - with their entire lifespan (by life, with one's lifespan)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of āyus

āyus - life, lifespan, duration of life

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation particle

शक्नुयात् (śaknuyāt) - one would be able (to succeed) (one would be able, one might be able)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Optative (liṅ) of śak

Optative mood, Parasmaipada

Root: śak (class 5)

Note: Refers to `pūrayan` (the one attempting to fill).