महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-17, verse-17

अपि गाथामिमां गीतां जनकेन वदन्त्युत ।
निर्द्वंद्वेन विमुक्तेन मोक्षं समनुपश्यता ॥१७॥

17. api gāthāmimāṁ gītāṁ janakena vadantyuta ,
nirdvaṁdvena vimuktena mokṣaṁ samanupaśyatā.

17. api gāthām imām gītām janakena vadanti uta
nirdvandvena vimuktena mokṣam samanupaśyatā

17. api uta janakena nirdvandvena vimuktena mokṣam
samanupaśyatā imām gāthām gītām vadanti

17. They indeed say that this verse was sung by Janaka, who was free from dualities, liberated, and truly perceived ultimate liberation (mokṣa).

Words meanings summery:

• अपि (api) - even, also, moreover, in spite of

• गाथाम् (gāthām) - song, verse, stanza

• इमाम् (imām) - this (feminine)

• गीताम् (gītām) - sung, spoken, recited

• जनकेन (janakena) - by Janaka

• वदन्ति (vadanti) - they say, they speak

• उत (uta) - emphatic particle, indicating emphasis or connection (indeed, moreover, and)

• निर्द्वन्द्वेन (nirdvandvena) - describing Janaka as beyond all pairs of opposites (like pleasure/pain, good/evil) (by one free from dualities, by one who has transcended pairs of opposites)

• विमुक्तेन (vimuktena) - describing Janaka as liberated (by one liberated, by one freed)

• मोक्षम् (mokṣam) - ultimate liberation (mokṣa) (liberation, release, emancipation)

• समनुपश्यता (samanupaśyatā) - describing Janaka as one who properly understood or saw liberation (by one truly perceiving, by one correctly understanding, by one seeing completely)

Words meanings and morphology

अपि (api) - even, also, moreover, in spite of

(indeclinable)

गाथाम् (gāthām) - song, verse, stanza

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gāthā

gāthā - song, verse, stanza, archaic or popular verse

इमाम् (imām) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Note: Modifies 'gāthām'.

गीताम् (gītām) - sung, spoken, recited

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gīta

gīta - sung, chanted, spoken, celebrated

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √gai 'to sing'

Root: gai (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'gāthām'.

जनकेन (janakena) - by Janaka

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of janaka

janaka - Janaka (a celebrated ancient king of Videha, father of Sītā)

वदन्ति (vadanti) - they say, they speak

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of vad

Present Indicative

Root class 1 (bhū-ādi)

Root: vad (class 1)

उत (uta) - emphatic particle, indicating emphasis or connection (indeed, moreover, and)

(indeclinable)

निर्द्वन्द्वेन (nirdvandvena) - describing Janaka as beyond all pairs of opposites (like pleasure/pain, good/evil) (by one free from dualities, by one who has transcended pairs of opposites)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nirdvandva

nirdvandva - free from pairs of opposites, free from duality, indifferent to pleasure and pain

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nir+dvandva)

• nir – without, free from
  indeclinable
• dvandva – pair, couple, duality, pair of opposites
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'Janakena'.

विमुक्तेन (vimuktena) - describing Janaka as liberated (by one liberated, by one freed)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vimukta

vimukta - released, set free, liberated, abandoned

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √muc 'to release' with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Modifies 'Janakena'.

मोक्षम् (mokṣam) - ultimate liberation (mokṣa) (liberation, release, emancipation)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mokṣa

mokṣa - liberation, release, emancipation, freedom from saṃsāra

Derived from the root √muc 'to release'

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Object of 'samanupaśyatā'.

समनुपश्यता (samanupaśyatā) - describing Janaka as one who properly understood or saw liberation (by one truly perceiving, by one correctly understanding, by one seeing completely)

(participle)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of samanupaśyat

samanupaśyat - truly perceiving, correctly understanding, seeing completely

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root √paś (from √dṛś) 'to see' with prefixes sam-anu-

Prefixes: sam+anu

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'Janakena'.