महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-17, verse-10

पत्राहारैरश्मकुट्टैर्दन्तोलूखलिकैस्तथा ।
अब्भक्षैर्वायुभक्षैश्च तैरयं नरको जितः ॥१०॥

10. patrāhārairaśmakuṭṭairdantolūkhalikaistathā ,
abbhakṣairvāyubhakṣaiśca tairayaṁ narako jitaḥ.

10. patrāhāraiḥ aśmakuṭṭaiḥ dantolūkhlikaiḥ tathā
ambhakṣaiḥ vāyubhakṣaiḥ ca taiḥ ayam narakaḥ jitaḥ

10. patrāhāraiḥ,
aśmakuṭṭaiḥ,
dantolūkhlikaiḥ,
tathā ambhakṣaiḥ,
ca vāyubhakṣaiḥ taiḥ ayam narakaḥ jitaḥ

10. By those who subsist on leaves, by those who crush with stones, by those who use their teeth as a mortar, and similarly by those who subsist on water, and by those who subsist on air—by them, this hell (naraka) has been conquered.

Words meanings summery:

• पत्राहारैः (patrāhāraiḥ) - by those who subsist on leaves

• अश्मकुट्टैः (aśmakuṭṭaiḥ) - by those who crush/grind with stones

• दन्तोलूख्लिकैः (dantolūkhlikaiḥ) - by those who use their teeth as a mortar; by tooth-mortars

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, likewise, also

• अम्भक्षैः (ambhakṣaiḥ) - by those who subsist on water

• वायुभक्षैः (vāyubhakṣaiḥ) - by those who subsist on air

• च (ca) - and

• तैः (taiḥ) - by them

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• नरकः (narakaḥ) - hell, Hades, the underworld

• जितः (jitaḥ) - conquered, overcome, vanquished

Words meanings and morphology

पत्राहारैः (patrāhāraiḥ) - by those who subsist on leaves

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of patrāhāra

patrāhāra - one who lives on leaves, an eater of leaves

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (patra+āhāra)

• patra – leaf, feather, letter
  noun (neuter)
• āhāra – food, eating, taking in
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'hṛ' (to take) with prefix 'ā'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

अश्मकुट्टैः (aśmakuṭṭaiḥ) - by those who crush/grind with stones

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of aśmakuṭṭa

aśmakuṭṭa - one who grinds or crushes with stones

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (aśman+kuṭṭa)

• aśman – stone, rock
  noun (masculine)
• kuṭṭa – crushing, pounding, breaking
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  From root 'kuṭṭ' (to crush, pound)
  Root: kuṭṭ (class 10)

दन्तोलूख्लिकैः (dantolūkhlikaiḥ) - by those who use their teeth as a mortar; by tooth-mortars

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dantolūkhlika

dantolūkhlika - one who uses teeth as a mortar (for grinding food)

From 'danta' (tooth) and 'ulūkhala' (mortar), with 'i' suffix for agent.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (danta+ulūkhala)

• danta – tooth, tusk
  noun (masculine)
• ulūkhala – mortar
  noun (masculine)

तथा (tathā) - similarly, likewise, also

(indeclinable)

अम्भक्षैः (ambhakṣaiḥ) - by those who subsist on water

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ambhbhakṣa

ambhbhakṣa - one who subsists on water, an eater of water

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ap+bhakṣa)

• ap – water
  noun (feminine)
• bhakṣa – eating, food, devourer
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'bhakṣ' (to eat).
  Root: bhakṣ (class 10)

वायुभक्षैः (vāyubhakṣaiḥ) - by those who subsist on air

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vāyubhakṣa

vāyubhakṣa - one who lives on air, an eater of air

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāyu+bhakṣa)

• vāyu – wind, air, breath
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vā (class 2)
• bhakṣa – eating, food, devourer
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'bhakṣ' (to eat).
  Root: bhakṣ (class 10)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तैः (taiḥ) - by them

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the groups of ascetics mentioned earlier.

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'narakaḥ'.

नरकः (narakaḥ) - hell, Hades, the underworld

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of naraka

naraka - hell, a place of torment, the infernal regions

जितः (jitaḥ) - conquered, overcome, vanquished

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jita

jita - conquered, won, subdued, surpassed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'ji' (to conquer, win), with suffix 'kta'.

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'narakaḥ' and implies 'has been conquered'.