महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-17, verse-23

ते जनास्तां गतिं यान्ति नाविद्वांसोऽल्पचेतसः ।
नाबुद्धयो नातपसः सर्वं बुद्धौ प्रतिष्ठितम् ॥२३॥

23. te janāstāṁ gatiṁ yānti nāvidvāṁso'lpacetasaḥ ,
nābuddhayo nātapasaḥ sarvaṁ buddhau pratiṣṭhitam.

23. te janāḥ tām gatim yānti na avidvāṃsaḥ alpacetasaḥ na
abuddhayaḥ na atapasaḥ sarvam buddhau pratiṣṭhitam

23. te janāḥ tām gatim yānti.
Avidvāṃsaḥ alpacetasaḥ abuddhayaḥ atapasaḥ na (yānti).
Sarvam buddhau pratiṣṭhitam.

23. Those people attain that destination, but not the ignorant, the small-minded, the unwise, nor those without austerity (tapas). Everything is established in wisdom.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - those, they

• जनाः (janāḥ) - people, persons

• ताम् (tām) - that

• गतिम् (gatim) - destination, path, state, movement

• यान्ति (yānti) - they go, they attain

• न (na) - not, nor

• अविद्वांसः (avidvāṁsaḥ) - the ignorant, unknowing

• अल्पचेतसः (alpacetasaḥ) - the small-minded, those with little intellect

• न (na) - not, nor

• अबुद्धयः (abuddhayaḥ) - the unwise, those without understanding

• न (na) - not, nor

• अतपसः (atapasaḥ) - those without austerity, without ascetic practice

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything, all

• बुद्धौ (buddhau) - in wisdom, in intellect

• प्रतिष्ठितम् (pratiṣṭhitam) - established, founded, fixed

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'janāḥ'.

जनाः (janāḥ) - people, persons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jana

jana - person, man, creature, folk

Root: jan (class 4)

ताम् (tām) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'gatim'.

गतिम् (gatim) - destination, path, state, movement

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, motion, path, destination, state, course

From root gam (to go) + suffix -ti

Root: gam (class 1)

यान्ति (yānti) - they go, they attain

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of yā

Root: yā (class 2)

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

अविद्वांसः (avidvāṁsaḥ) - the ignorant, unknowing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of avidvās

avidvās - ignorant, unknowing

Negative prefix + Present Active Participle

Compound of 'a' (negation) and 'vidvās' (knowing, from root vid)

Compound type : Nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vidvās)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• vidvās – knowing, learned
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  From root 'vid' (to know) + -vas suffix
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Used substantively as 'the ignorant'.

अल्पचेतसः (alpacetasaḥ) - the small-minded, those with little intellect

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of alpacetas

alpacetas - small-minded, narrow-minded, having little intelligence

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (alpa+cetas)

• alpa – little, small, few
  adjective (neuter)
• cetas – mind, intellect, consciousness
  noun (neuter)
  From root cit (to perceive, understand)
  Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Used substantively.

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

अबुद्धयः (abuddhayaḥ) - the unwise, those without understanding

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of abuddhi

abuddhi - unwise, lacking intelligence, without understanding

Compound of 'a' (negation) and 'buddhi' (intellect, wisdom)

Compound type : Nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+buddhi)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• buddhi – intellect, wisdom, understanding
  noun (feminine)
  From root budh (to know, understand) + -ti suffix
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Used substantively.

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

अतपसः (atapasaḥ) - those without austerity, without ascetic practice

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of atapas

atapas - without austerity, lacking self-discipline

Compound of 'a' (negation) and 'tapas' (austerity)

Compound type : Nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+tapas)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• tapas – austerity, penance, heat, spiritual fervor
  noun (neuter)
  From root tap (to heat, to perform austerity)
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Used substantively.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything, all

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

Note: Also accusative singular neuter. Here nominative.

बुद्धौ (buddhau) - in wisdom, in intellect

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, wisdom, understanding, perception

From root budh (to know, understand) + -ti suffix

Root: budh (class 1)

प्रतिष्ठितम् (pratiṣṭhitam) - established, founded, fixed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pratiṣṭhita

pratiṣṭhita - established, founded, fixed, placed, consecrated

Past Passive Participle

From root sthā (to stand) with prefix prati

Prefix: prati

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sarvam'.