महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-17, verse-3

य इमामखिलां भूमिं शिष्यादेको महीपतिः ।
तस्याप्युदरमेवैकं किमिदं त्वं प्रशंससि ॥३॥

3. ya imāmakhilāṁ bhūmiṁ śiṣyādeko mahīpatiḥ ,
tasyāpyudaramevaikaṁ kimidaṁ tvaṁ praśaṁsasi.

3. yaḥ imām akhilām bhūmim śiṣyāt ekaḥ mahīpatiḥ
tasya api udaram eva ekam kim idam tvam praśaṃsasi

3. tvam idam kim praśaṃsasi yaḥ ekaḥ mahīpatiḥ imām
akhilām bhūmim śiṣyāt tasya api ekam udaram eva

3. Even if a single king were to rule this entire earth, he would still have only one belly. Why, then, do you praise such a pursuit (of power and dominion)?

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, whoever)

• इमाम् (imām) - this

• अखिलाम् (akhilām) - entire (entire, whole, complete)

• भूमिम् (bhūmim) - earth (earth, ground, land)

• शिष्यात् (śiṣyāt) - may rule (may rule, should rule)

• एकः (ekaḥ) - a single (one, a single, alone)

• महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - king (king, ruler, lord of the earth)

• तस्य (tasya) - his (his, of that)

• अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

• उदरम् (udaram) - belly (belly, stomach, interior)

• एव (eva) - only (only, just, indeed)

• एकम् (ekam) - one (one, a single, alone)

• किम् (kim) - why (what, why)

• इदम् (idam) - this (referring to the pursuit of power/wealth) (this)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• प्रशंससि (praśaṁsasi) - you praise (you praise, you laud)

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - whoever (who, whoever)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ya

ya - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun

इमाम् (imām) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, that

Note: Demonstrative pronoun

अखिलाम् (akhilām) - entire (entire, whole, complete)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of akhila

akhila - entire, whole, complete, without gap

Compound type : tatpurusha (a+khila)

• a – not, non, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• khila – gap, vacant space, fallow land, remainder
  noun (neuter)

भूमिम् (bhūmim) - earth (earth, ground, land)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhūmi

bhūmi - earth, ground, land, soil

Root: bhū (class 1)

शिष्यात् (śiṣyāt) - may rule (may rule, should rule)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Optative (liṅ) of śās

Optative mood, Parasmaipada

Root: śās (class 2)

एकः (ekaḥ) - a single (one, a single, alone)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, a single, alone, unique

महीपतिः (mahīpatiḥ) - king (king, ruler, lord of the earth)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahīpati

mahīpati - king, ruler, lord of the earth

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahī+pati)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pati – master, lord, husband
  noun (masculine)

तस्य (tasya) - his (his, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Demonstrative pronoun

अपि (api) - even (even, also, too)

(indeclinable)

उदरम् (udaram) - belly (belly, stomach, interior)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of udara

udara - belly, stomach, abdomen, interior

Note: This is the subject of the implied verb "is"

एव (eva) - only (only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle

एकम् (ekam) - one (one, a single, alone)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of eka

eka - one, a single, alone, unique

Note: Agrees with `udaram`

किम् (kim) - why (what, why)

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative particle, meaning 'why'.

इदम् (idam) - this (referring to the pursuit of power/wealth) (this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, that

Note: Demonstrative pronoun. Object of `praśaṃsasi`.

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Personal pronoun

प्रशंससि (praśaṁsasi) - you praise (you praise, you laud)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of praśams

Present tense, Parasmaipada

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)