महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-54, verse-3

जातमात्रश्च यः सद्य इष्ट्या देहमवीवृधत् ।
वेदांश्चाधिजगे साङ्गान्सेतिहासान्महायशाः ॥३॥

3. jātamātraśca yaḥ sadya iṣṭyā dehamavīvṛdhat ,
vedāṁścādhijage sāṅgānsetihāsānmahāyaśāḥ.

3. jātamātraḥ ca yaḥ sadyaḥ iṣṭyā deham avīvṛdhat
vedān ca adhijage sāṅgān sa itihāsān mahāyaśāḥ

3. And he, the greatly renowned one, immediately after birth, developed his body by his own will, and then studied the Vedas along with their ancillary branches and histories.

Words meanings summery:

• जातमात्रः (jātamātraḥ) - immediately after birth (as soon as born, merely born)

• च (ca) - and

• यः (yaḥ) - who (referring to Vyāsa) (who, which)

• सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately (immediately, instantly, at once)

• इष्ट्या (iṣṭyā) - by his spiritual power/will (by sacrifice, by desired object, by will)

• देहम् (deham) - his own body (body)

• अवीवृधत् (avīvṛdhat) - he developed (his body) (he nourished, he caused to grow, he developed)

• वेदान् (vedān) - the Vedas

• च (ca) - and

• अधिजगे (adhijage) - he studied (the Vedas) (he studied, he learned)

• साङ्गान् (sāṅgān) - along with their auxiliary sciences (Vedāṅgas) (with their parts, with their ancillary branches)

• स (sa) - along with (with, together with)

• इतिहासान् (itihāsān) - the Puranas and epics (itihāsas) (histories, epic narratives)

• महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - the greatly renowned one (Vyāsa) (greatly renowned, very famous)

Words meanings and morphology

जातमात्रः (jātamātraḥ) - immediately after birth (as soon as born, merely born)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jātamātra

jātamātra - merely born, as soon as born

jāta (born) + mātra (mere, only)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (jāta+mātra)

• jāta – born, produced, happened
  participle
  past passive participle
  root jan + kta
  Root: jan (class 4)
• mātra – mere, only, measure
  adjective (neuter)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects clauses.

यः (yaḥ) - who (referring to Vyāsa) (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Subject of 'avīvṛdhat' and 'adhijage'.

सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately (immediately, instantly, at once)

(indeclinable)

इष्ट्या (iṣṭyā) - by his spiritual power/will (by sacrifice, by desired object, by will)

(noun)

feminine, singular of iṣṭi

iṣṭi - wish, desire, sacrifice, offering, spiritual power

action noun

root yaj (to sacrifice) or iṣ (to wish) + ti

Root: yaj / iṣ (class 1)

Note: Refers to Vyāsa's inherent spiritual capability.

देहम् (deham) - his own body (body)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body, form, person

Root: dih (class 6)

अवीवृधत् (avīvṛdhat) - he developed (his body) (he nourished, he caused to grow, he developed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vṛdh

causative imperfect

root vṛdh + ṇic (causative) + imperfect tense ending

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

वेदान् (vedān) - the Vedas

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of veda

veda - Veda, sacred knowledge, scripture

root vid (to know) + a (suffix)

Root: vid (class 2)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects clauses.

अधिजगे (adhijage) - he studied (the Vedas) (he studied, he learned)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of adhi gam

perfect tense

adhi (over, upon) + gam (to go, to attain) = to learn, to study. Perfect tense.

Prefix: adhi

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: The active voice with this root and prefix usually implies 'to learn, to study'.

साङ्गान् (sāṅgān) - along with their auxiliary sciences (Vedāṅgas) (with their parts, with their ancillary branches)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sāṅga

sāṅga - having its parts, complete, accompanied by auxiliaries

sa (with) + aṅga (limb, part, auxiliary)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+aṅga)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• aṅga – limb, body, part, accessory, auxiliary science
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'vedān'.

स (sa) - along with (with, together with)

(prefix)

Note: Part of the Bahuvrīhi compound 'saitihāsa'.

इतिहासान् (itihāsān) - the Puranas and epics (itihāsas) (histories, epic narratives)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of itihāsa

itihāsa - history, legend, tradition, epic poem

iti-ha-āsa (thus it was)

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'vedān' (implicitly through the 'sa' prefix)

महायशाः (mahāyaśāḥ) - the greatly renowned one (Vyāsa) (greatly renowned, very famous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāyaśas

mahāyaśas - greatly renowned, famous, glorious

mahat (great) + yaśas (fame, glory)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+yaśas)

• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective
• yaśas – fame, glory, renown
  noun (neuter)