महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-49, verse-2

अहं तव पितुः पुत्र भ्रात्रा दत्ता निमित्ततः ।
कालः स चायं संप्राप्तस्तत्कुरुष्व यथातथम् ॥२॥

2. ahaṁ tava pituḥ putra bhrātrā dattā nimittataḥ ,
kālaḥ sa cāyaṁ saṁprāptastatkuruṣva yathātatham.

2. aham tava pituḥ putra bhrātrā dattā nimittataḥ |
kālaḥ sa ca ayam samprāptaḥ tat kuruṣva yathātatham

2. (She said:) "O son, I was given by your maternal uncle to your father for a specific purpose. That time has now arrived, so you must do what is appropriate."

Words meanings summery:

• अहम् (aham) - I

• तव (tava) - your

• पितुः (pituḥ) - to your father (of the father, to the father)

• पुत्र (putra) - O son (Āstīka) (O son)

• भ्रात्रा (bhrātrā) - by your maternal uncle (her brother) (by the brother)

• दत्ता (dattā) - given

• निमित्ततः (nimittataḥ) - for a specific purpose (on account of, for the sake of, for a reason)

• कालः (kālaḥ) - the time (for that purpose) (time)

• स (sa) - that (time) (that, he)

• च (ca) - and, now (and)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (time), now (this, he)

• सम्प्राप्तः (samprāptaḥ) - has arrived (arrived, reached)

• तत् (tat) - therefore, so (that, therefore)

• कुरुष्व (kuruṣva) - you must do (do, perform)

• यथातथम् (yathātatham) - what is appropriate/right (properly, as it should be, truly)

Words meanings and morphology

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of dattā (implied verb 'asmi').

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Possessive, refers to putra (vocative) but modifies pituḥ.

पितुः (pituḥ) - to your father (of the father, to the father)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Genitive used in the sense of dative (given *to*).

पुत्र (putra) - O son (Āstīka) (O son)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

Note: Addressed to Āstīka.

भ्रात्रा (bhrātrā) - by your maternal uncle (her brother) (by the brother)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Refers to Vāsuki, her brother, who is Āstīka's maternal uncle.

दत्ता (dattā) - given

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dā

dā - to give

past passive participle

from root dā- 'to give'

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with aham. Implies 'I was given'.

निमित्ततः (nimittataḥ) - for a specific purpose (on account of, for the sake of, for a reason)

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates cause or purpose.

कालः (kālaḥ) - the time (for that purpose) (time)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, black, death

Note: Subject of samprāptaḥ.

स (sa) - that (time) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with kālaḥ.

च (ca) - and, now (and)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects kālaḥ with ayam.

अयम् (ayam) - this (time), now (this, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Agrees with kālaḥ.

सम्प्राप्तः (samprāptaḥ) - has arrived (arrived, reached)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāp

prāp - to obtain, reach, arrive

past passive participle

prefix 'sam' + 'pra' + root 'āp' + suffix 'ta'

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with kālaḥ. Implies 'has arrived'.

तत् (tat) - therefore, so (that, therefore)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction for 'therefore'.

कुरुष्व (kuruṣva) - you must do (do, perform)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Command to Āstīka.

यथातथम् (yathātatham) - what is appropriate/right (properly, as it should be, truly)

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+tatham)

• yathā – as, like, according to
  indeclinable
• tatham – true, real, what is right
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Adverb modifying kuruṣva.