महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-208, verse-18

तस्य दृष्ट्वा तपस्तादृग्रूपं चाद्भुतदर्शनम् ।
अवतीर्णाः स्म तं देशं तपोविघ्नचिकीर्षया ॥१८॥

18. tasya dṛṣṭvā tapastādṛgrūpaṁ cādbhutadarśanam ,
avatīrṇāḥ sma taṁ deśaṁ tapovighnacikīrṣayā.

18. tasya dṛṣṭvā tapas tādṛk rūpam ca adbhutadarśanam
avatīrṇāḥ sma tam deśam tapovighnacikīrṣayā

18. Having seen his intense asceticism (tapas) and his marvelously beautiful form (rūpa), we descended to that region with the intention of disrupting his penance (tapas).

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his (his, of him, of that)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, after seeing)

• तपस् (tapas) - asceticism (tapas) (penance, asceticism, religious austerity)

• तादृक् (tādṛk) - such an intense (such, of that kind, similar to that)

• रूपम् (rūpam) - form (rūpa) (form, shape, beauty, appearance)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• अद्भुतदर्शनम् (adbhutadarśanam) - marvelously beautiful (of wonderful appearance, marvelous to behold)

• अवतीर्णाः (avatīrṇāḥ) - we descended (feminine plural) (descended, alighted)

• स्म (sma) - (indicates past tense) (an indicator of past tense (when used with present tense verb))

• तम् (tam) - that (that, him, it)

• देशम् (deśam) - region (region, place, country)

• तपोविघ्नचिकीर्षया (tapovighnacikīrṣayā) - with the intention of disrupting his penance (tapas) (with the desire to obstruct penance)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen (having seen, after seeing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Absolutive (gerund) form from root dṛś with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तपस् (tapas) - asceticism (tapas) (penance, asceticism, religious austerity)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - penance, asceticism, religious austerity, heat, spiritual fervor

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Can be nominative or accusative singular, here object of dṛṣṭvā.

तादृक् (tādṛk) - such an intense (such, of that kind, similar to that)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tādṛś

tādṛś - such, of that kind, similar to that

Note: Refers to tapas.

रूपम् (rūpam) - form (rūpa) (form, shape, beauty, appearance)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, beauty, appearance, nature

Root: rūp

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

अद्भुतदर्शनम् (adbhutadarśanam) - marvelously beautiful (of wonderful appearance, marvelous to behold)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of adbhutadarśana

adbhutadarśana - having a wonderful appearance, marvelous to behold, astonishing sight

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (adbhuta+darśana)

• adbhuta – wonderful, marvelous, astonishing, strange
  adjective (neuter)
• darśana – seeing, appearance, sight, vision, doctrine
  noun (neuter)
  from root dṛś with suffix -ana
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Refers to rūpam.

अवतीर्णाः (avatīrṇāḥ) - we descended (feminine plural) (descended, alighted)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of avatīrṇa

avatīrṇa - descended, arrived, alighted, crossed over

Past Passive Participle

from root tṛ (to cross) with prefixes ava and (implied) ā

Prefix: ava

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Used with 'sma' to form past tense, usually implies active sense for movement.

स्म (sma) - (indicates past tense) (an indicator of past tense (when used with present tense verb))

(indeclinable)

Note: Converts a present participle or present verb form into a past tense equivalent.

तम् (tam) - that (that, him, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

देशम् (deśam) - region (region, place, country)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - region, place, country, spot

Root: diś (class 6)

तपोविघ्नचिकीर्षया (tapovighnacikīrṣayā) - with the intention of disrupting his penance (tapas) (with the desire to obstruct penance)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of tapovighnacikīrṣā

tapovighnacikīrṣā - desire to obstruct penance

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tapas+vighna+cikīrṣā)

• tapas – penance, asceticism, religious austerity
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• vighna – obstacle, impediment, obstruction
  noun (masculine)
  from root han (to strike) with prefix vi and gha- suffix
  Prefix: vi
  Root: han (class 2)
• cikīrṣā – desire to do, desire to make, intention
  noun (feminine)
  Desiderative noun
  derived from desiderative stem of root kṛ (to do)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)