महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-208, verse-17

तस्य वै तपसा राजंस्तद्वनं तेजसावृतम् ।
आदित्य इव तं देशं कृत्स्नं स व्यवभासयत् ॥१७॥

17. tasya vai tapasā rājaṁstadvanaṁ tejasāvṛtam ,
āditya iva taṁ deśaṁ kṛtsnaṁ sa vyavabhāsayat.

17. tasya vai tapasā rājan tadvanam tejasā āvṛtam
āditya iva tam deśam kṛtsnam sa vyavabhāsayat

17. O king, that forest was indeed enveloped in splendor (tejas) by his asceticism (tapas). He illuminated the entire region, just like the sun (āditya).

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his (his, of him, of that)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, surely, verily)

• तपसा (tapasā) - by his asceticism (tapas) (by penance, by asceticism)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• तद्वनम् (tadvanam) - that forest

• तेजसा (tejasā) - by splendor (tejas) (by splendor, by brilliance, by energy)

• आवृतम् (āvṛtam) - enveloped (covered, enveloped, surrounded)

• आदित्य (āditya) - the sun (āditya) (the sun, a son of Aditi)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• तम् (tam) - that (that, him, it)

• देशम् (deśam) - region (region, place, country)

• कृत्स्नम् (kṛtsnam) - entire (whole, entire, complete)

• स (sa) - he (he, that)

• व्यवभासयत् (vyavabhāsayat) - illuminated (illumined, caused to shine, made brilliant)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, surely, verily)

(indeclinable)

तपसा (tapasā) - by his asceticism (tapas) (by penance, by asceticism)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - penance, asceticism, religious austerity, heat, spiritual fervor

Root: tap (class 1)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj

तद्वनम् (tadvanam) - that forest

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tadvanam

tadvanam - that forest, the forest belonging to him/that

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tad+vanam)

• tad – that, he, she, it
  pronoun (neuter)
• vanam – forest, wood, grove
  noun (neuter)
  Root: van

Note: Can be nominative or accusative, but here it's the subject of 'āvṛtam'.

तेजसा (tejasā) - by splendor (tejas) (by splendor, by brilliance, by energy)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tejas

tejas - splendor, brilliance, energy, spiritual power, fiery energy

Root: tij

आवृतम् (āvṛtam) - enveloped (covered, enveloped, surrounded)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āvṛta

āvṛta - covered, surrounded, enveloped, concealed

Past Passive Participle

from root vṛ (to cover) with prefix ā

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

आदित्य (āditya) - the sun (āditya) (the sun, a son of Aditi)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āditya

āditya - the sun, son of Aditi (a class of deities)

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - that (that, him, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

देशम् (deśam) - region (region, place, country)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deśa

deśa - region, place, country, spot

Root: diś (class 6)

कृत्स्नम् (kṛtsnam) - entire (whole, entire, complete)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛtsna

kṛtsna - whole, entire, complete, all

स (sa) - he (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Sandhi form of saḥ.

व्यवभासयत् (vyavabhāsayat) - illuminated (illumined, caused to shine, made brilliant)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of bhās

Imperfect Tense, Causative

Causative stem bhās-aya, with prefixes vi, ava.

Prefixes: vi+ava

Root: bhās (class 1)