महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-180, verse-13

वेगेनापततस्तांस्तु प्रभिन्नानिव वारणान् ।
पाण्डुपुत्रौ महावीर्यौ प्रतीयतुररिंदमौ ॥१३॥

13. vegenāpatatastāṁstu prabhinnāniva vāraṇān ,
pāṇḍuputrau mahāvīryau pratīyaturariṁdamau.

13. vegena āpatataḥ tān tu prabhinnān iva vāraṇān
Pāṇḍuputrau mahāvīryau pratīyatuḥ arindamau

13. But the two sons of Pandu, the mighty destroyers of foes, confronted them as they rushed forward with speed, like infuriated elephants.

Words meanings summery:

• वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, rapidly, quickly

• आपततः (āpatataḥ) - approaching, attacking, rushing upon

• तान् (tān) - them, those

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand

• प्रभिन्नान् (prabhinnān) - infuriated (referring to elephants in musth) (infuriated, rent asunder)

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• वारणान् (vāraṇān) - elephants

• पाण्डुपुत्रौ (pāṇḍuputrau) - the two sons of Pandu

• महावीर्यौ (mahāvīryau) - greatly valorous, mighty, very powerful

• प्रतीयतुः (pratīyatuḥ) - they went against, they confronted, they opposed

• अरिन्दमौ (arindamau) - subduers of foes, destroyers of enemies

Words meanings and morphology

वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, rapidly, quickly

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, impulse, current

Root: vij (class 6)

आपततः (āpatataḥ) - approaching, attacking, rushing upon

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of āpatat

āpatat - approaching, attacking, falling upon

present active participle

Derived from root pat (to fall) with upasarga ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: pat (class 1)

तान् (tān) - them, those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

प्रभिन्नान् (prabhinnān) - infuriated (referring to elephants in musth) (infuriated, rent asunder)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of prabhinna

prabhinna - broken, rent asunder, divided; maddened, furious (especially of elephants in rut or musth)

past passive participle

Derived from root bhid (to split, break) with upasarga pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: bhid (class 7)

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

वारणान् (vāraṇān) - elephants

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vāraṇa

vāraṇa - elephant

पाण्डुपुत्रौ (pāṇḍuputrau) - the two sons of Pandu

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of Pāṇḍuputra

Pāṇḍuputra - son of Pandu

Compound type : tatpurusha (Pāṇḍu+putra)

• Pāṇḍu – Pandu (name of a king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

महावीर्यौ (mahāvīryau) - greatly valorous, mighty, very powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mahāvīrya

mahāvīrya - greatly valorous, mighty, very powerful

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+vīrya)

• mahā – great, large, extensive
  adjective
• vīrya – valor, strength, potency, heroism
  noun (neuter)

प्रतीयतुः (pratīyatuḥ) - they went against, they confronted, they opposed

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect past (lit) of pratīyatuḥ

perfect tense

Derived from root i (to go) with upasarga prati.

Prefix: prati

Root: i (class 2)

अरिन्दमौ (arindamau) - subduers of foes, destroyers of enemies

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of arindama

arindama - subduer of enemies, vanquisher of foes

Compound type : tatpurusha (ari+dama)

• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• dama – subduing, taming, controlling
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root dam (to tame, control).
  Root: dam (class 1)