महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-177, verse-13

मद्रराजस्तथा शल्यः सहपुत्रो महारथः ।
रुक्माङ्गदेन वीरेण तथा रुक्मरथेन च ॥१३॥

13. madrarājastathā śalyaḥ sahaputro mahārathaḥ ,
rukmāṅgadena vīreṇa tathā rukmarathena ca.

13. madrarājaḥ tathā śalyaḥ sahaputraḥ mahārathaḥ
rukmāṅgadena vīreṇa tathā rukmarathena ca

13. And Śalya, the king of Madra and a great chariot-warrior, was accompanied by his son. Additionally, the heroic Rukmāṅgada and Rukmaratha were also there.

13. שַׁלְיַה מלך מַדְרַה, לוחם מרכבה אדיר, יחד עם בנו, וכן הגיבור רוּקְמָאנְגַדַה ורוּקְמַרַטְהַא.

Words meanings summery:

• मद्रराजः (madrarājaḥ) - the king of Madra (referring to Śalya) (king of Madra)

• तथा (tathā) - and, likewise (thus, so, likewise, also)

• शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Śalya (a proper name, the king of Madra) (spear, dart)

• सहपुत्रः (sahaputraḥ) - accompanied by his son (with a son, having a son)

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - a great chariot-warrior (an epithet for Śalya) (a great chariot-warrior, great warrior)

• रुक्माङ्गदेन (rukmāṅgadena) - by Rukmāṅgada (a proper name) (by Rukmāṅgada)

• वीरेण (vīreṇa) - by the hero (qualifying Rukmāṅgada) (by the hero, by the brave one)

• तथा (tathā) - and, likewise (thus, so, likewise, also)

• रुक्मरथेन (rukmarathena) - by Rukmaratha (a proper name) (by Rukmaratha)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

Words meanings and morphology

मद्रराजः (madrarājaḥ) - the king of Madra (referring to Śalya) (king of Madra)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madrarāja

madrarāja - king of Madra (a country)

Compound type : Tatpurusha (madra+rājan)

• madra – name of a country or its people
  proper noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - and, likewise (thus, so, likewise, also)

(indeclinable)

शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Śalya (a proper name, the king of Madra) (spear, dart)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śalya

śalya - dart, spear, a proper name

सहपुत्रः (sahaputraḥ) - accompanied by his son (with a son, having a son)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahaputra

sahaputra - with a son, having a son

Bahuvrihi compound with saha as prefix, meaning 'accompanied by'

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (saha+putra)

• saha – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies Śalya.

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - a great chariot-warrior (an epithet for Śalya) (a great chariot-warrior, great warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great chariot-warrior, one who can fight alone against many warriors

Compound type : Karmadharaya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Qualifies Śalya.

रुक्माङ्गदेन (rukmāṅgadena) - by Rukmāṅgada (a proper name) (by Rukmāṅgada)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rukmāṅgada

rukmāṅgada - having golden ornaments, Rukmāṅgada (a proper name)

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (rukma+aṅgada)

• rukma – gold, golden ornament
  noun (neuter)
  Root: ruc (class 1)
• aṅgada – armlet, bracelet, ornament
  noun (neuter)

वीरेण (vīreṇa) - by the hero (qualifying Rukmāṅgada) (by the hero, by the brave one)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, valiant

Root: vī (class 2)

तथा (tathā) - and, likewise (thus, so, likewise, also)

(indeclinable)

रुक्मरथेन (rukmarathena) - by Rukmaratha (a proper name) (by Rukmaratha)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rukmaratha

rukmaratha - having a golden chariot, Rukmaratha (a proper name)

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (rukma+ratha)

• rukma – gold, golden ornament
  noun (neuter)
  Root: ruc (class 1)
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

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