महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-170, verse-19

आत्महा च पुमांस्तात न लोकाँल्लभते शुभान् ।
ततोऽस्माभिः समीक्ष्यैवं नात्मनात्मा विनाशितः ॥१९॥

19. ātmahā ca pumāṁstāta na lokāँllabhate śubhān ,
tato'smābhiḥ samīkṣyaivaṁ nātmanātmā vināśitaḥ.

19. ātmahā ca pumān tāta na lokān labhate śubhān tataḥ
asmābhiḥ samīkṣya evam na ātmanā ātmā vināśitaḥ

19. And indeed, dear one, a man who commits suicide (ātmahā) does not attain auspicious realms. Therefore, having carefully considered this, the self (ātman) was not destroyed by our own hand (ātmanā).

Words meanings summery:

• आत्महा (ātmahā) - one who commits suicide (ātmahā) (killer of oneself, suicide)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• पुमान् (pumān) - a man (man, person, male)

• तात (tāta) - dear one (dear father, dear one, my child)

• न (na) - not

• लोकान् (lokān) - realms (worlds, realms, regions)

• लभते (labhate) - attains (obtains, gains, receives)

• शुभान् (śubhān) - auspicious (auspicious, good, beautiful)

• ततः (tataḥ) - therefore (therefore, thence, from that)

• अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us

• समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having carefully considered (having seen, having considered, having reviewed)

• एवम् (evam) - this (implicitly, the preceding statement) (thus, in this manner, so)

• न (na) - not

• आत्मना (ātmanā) - by our own hand (ātmanā) (by the self, by oneself)

• आत्मा (ātmā) - the self (ātman) (the self, the soul)

• विनाशितः (vināśitaḥ) - destroyed (destroyed, ruined, annihilated)

Words meanings and morphology

आत्महा (ātmahā) - one who commits suicide (ātmahā) (killer of oneself, suicide)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātmahā

ātmahā - killer of oneself, suicide, self-murderer

From ātman + han (to strike/kill)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+han)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
• han – killer, destroyer (from root han)
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root han
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Subject of the first clause

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction

पुमान् (pumān) - a man (man, person, male)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pums

pums - man, person, male, male being

Note: Subject, in apposition to ātmahā

तात (tāta) - dear one (dear father, dear one, my child)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear father, dear one, my child

Note: Term of address

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation

लोकान् (lokān) - realms (worlds, realms, regions)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of loka

loka - world, realm, region, people

Note: Object of 'labhate'

लभते (labhate) - attains (obtains, gains, receives)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of labh

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Main verb

शुभान् (śubhān) - auspicious (auspicious, good, beautiful)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śubha

śubha - auspicious, good, beautiful, bright, fortunate

Note: Qualifies 'lokān'

ततः (tataḥ) - therefore (therefore, thence, from that)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb indicating cause/consequence

अस्माभिः (asmābhiḥ) - by us

(pronoun)

Instrumental, plural of asmad

asmad - we, us

Note: Agent of the passive construction

समीक्ष्य (samīkṣya) - having carefully considered (having seen, having considered, having reviewed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From sam + īkṣ (to see, look) + ya

Prefix: sam

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Indicates prior action

एवम् (evam) - this (implicitly, the preceding statement) (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying 'samīkṣya'

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation

आत्मना (ātmanā) - by our own hand (ātmanā) (by the self, by oneself)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, living principle

Note: Agent of destruction (or means)

आत्मा (ātmā) - the self (ātman) (the self, the soul)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, living principle

Note: Subject of the passive verb 'vināśitaḥ'

विनाशितः (vināśitaḥ) - destroyed (destroyed, ruined, annihilated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vināśita

vināśita - destroyed, ruined, annihilated

Past Passive Participle

From vi + nāś (causative of naś - to perish)

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'ātmā'