महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-167, verse-4

ततः पाशैस्तदात्मानं गाढं बद्ध्वा महामुनिः ।
तस्या जले महानद्या निममज्ज सुदुःखितः ॥४॥

4. tataḥ pāśaistadātmānaṁ gāḍhaṁ baddhvā mahāmuniḥ ,
tasyā jale mahānadyā nimamajja suduḥkhitaḥ.

4. tataḥ pāśaiḥ tadā ātmānam gāḍham baddhvā mahāmuniḥ
tasyāḥ jale mahānadyāḥ nimamajja suduḥkhitaḥ

4. Then, the great sage, having tightly bound himself (ātman) with ropes, immersed himself in the waters of that great river, greatly distressed.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• पाशैः (pāśaiḥ) - with ropes, by bonds

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - himself (self, soul, oneself)

• गाढम् (gāḍham) - tightly, firmly, strongly

• बद्ध्वा (baddhvā) - having bound, having tied

• महामुनिः (mahāmuniḥ) - great sage

• तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of that river (of that, of her)

• जले (jale) - in the water

• महानद्याः (mahānadyāḥ) - of the great river

• निममज्ज (nimamajja) - he immersed himself, he drowned

• सुदुःखितः (suduḥkhitaḥ) - very distressed, greatly sorrowful

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

पाशैः (pāśaiḥ) - with ropes, by bonds

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāśa

pāśa - rope, noose, bond, snare

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - himself (self, soul, oneself)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence

गाढम् (gāḍham) - tightly, firmly, strongly

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

derived from root gah (to plunge) with suffix -kta

Root: gah (class 1)

Note: used adverbially (neuter accusative singular form)

बद्ध्वा (baddhvā) - having bound, having tied

(indeclinable)

Root: bandh (class 9)

Note: absolutive form

महामुनिः (mahāmuniḥ) - great sage

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāmuni

mahāmuni - great sage, great ascetic

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+muni)

• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective (neuter)
• muni – sage, ascetic, seer
  noun (masculine)
  Root: man (class 4)

तस्याः (tasyāḥ) - of that river (of that, of her)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

जले (jale) - in the water

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of jala

jala - water

महानद्याः (mahānadyāḥ) - of the great river

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of mahānadī

mahānadī - great river

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+nadī)

• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective (neuter)
• nadī – river, stream
  noun (feminine)

निममज्ज (nimamajja) - he immersed himself, he drowned

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of nimajj

Prefix: ni

Root: majj (class 6)

सुदुःखितः (suduḥkhitaḥ) - very distressed, greatly sorrowful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suduḥkhita

suduḥkhita - very distressed, greatly sorrowful

Compound type : avyayībhāva (su+duḥkhita)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• duḥkhita – distressed, sorrowful, grieved
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from root duḥkh (to suffer) with suffix -kta
  Root: duḥkh (class 10)