महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-167, verse-1

गन्धर्व उवाच ।
ततो दृष्ट्वाश्रमपदं रहितं तैः सुतैर्मुनिः ।
निर्जगाम सुदुःखार्तः पुनरेवाश्रमात्ततः ॥१॥

1. gandharva uvāca ,
tato dṛṣṭvāśramapadaṁ rahitaṁ taiḥ sutairmuniḥ ,
nirjagāma suduḥkhārtaḥ punarevāśramāttataḥ.

1. gandharvaḥ uvāca tataḥ dṛṣṭvā āśrama-padam rahitam taiḥ sutaiḥ
muniḥ nir-jagāma su-duḥkha-ārtaḥ punar eva āśramāt tataḥ

1. The Gandharva said: Then, having seen his hermitage (āśrama) grounds devoid of his sons, the sage, extremely afflicted by sorrow, departed from that hermitage (āśrama) once again.

Words meanings summery:

• गन्धर्वः (gandharvaḥ) - a celestial musician, Gandharva

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• आश्रम-पदम् (āśrama-padam) - hermitage grounds, place of the hermitage

• रहितम् (rahitam) - devoid of, deprived of, without

• तैः (taiḥ) - by them

• सुतैः (sutaiḥ) - by sons, by children

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage, ascetic

• निर्-जगाम (nir-jagāma) - departed, went out

• सु-दुःख-आर्तः (su-duḥkha-ārtaḥ) - extremely afflicted by sorrow, deeply distressed

• पुनर् (punar) - again, once more

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, exactly

• आश्रमात् (āśramāt) - from the hermitage (āśrama)

• ततः (tataḥ) - from that, thence, then

Words meanings and morphology

गन्धर्वः (gandharvaḥ) - a celestial musician, Gandharva

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gandharva

gandharva - a celestial musician, Gandharva

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, from there

(indeclinable)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

from root √dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

आश्रम-पदम् (āśrama-padam) - hermitage grounds, place of the hermitage

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āśramapada

āśramapada - hermitage grounds, place of the hermitage

Compound type : tatpurusha (āśrama+pada)

• āśrama – hermitage, retreat, stage of life (āśrama)
  noun (masculine)
• pada – place, foot, step
  noun (neuter)

रहितम् (rahitam) - devoid of, deprived of, without

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rahita

rahita - devoid of, deprived of, without

Past Passive Participle

from root √rah

Root: rah (class 1)

तैः (taiḥ) - by them

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सुतैः (sutaiḥ) - by sons, by children

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of suta

suta - son, child

मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage, ascetic

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic

निर्-जगाम (nir-jagāma) - departed, went out

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of gam

Prefix: nis

Root: gam (class 1)

सु-दुःख-आर्तः (su-duḥkha-ārtaḥ) - extremely afflicted by sorrow, deeply distressed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suduhkhārta

suduhkhārta - extremely afflicted by sorrow, deeply distressed

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+duḥkha+ārta)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• duḥkha – sorrow, suffering, pain
  noun (neuter)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, hurt (PPP of √ṛ)
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root √ṛ
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

पुनर् (punar) - again, once more

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, exactly

(indeclinable)

आश्रमात् (āśramāt) - from the hermitage (āśrama)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of āśrama

āśrama - hermitage, retreat, stage of life (āśrama)

ततः (tataḥ) - from that, thence, then

(indeclinable)