महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-167, verse-12

अनुव्रजति को न्वेष मामित्येव च सोऽब्रवीत् ।
अहं त्वदृश्यती नाम्ना तं स्नुषा प्रत्यभाषत ।
शक्तेर्भार्या महाभाग तपोयुक्ता तपस्विनी ॥१२॥

12. anuvrajati ko nveṣa māmityeva ca so'bravīt ,
ahaṁ tvadṛśyatī nāmnā taṁ snuṣā pratyabhāṣata ,
śakterbhāryā mahābhāga tapoyuktā tapasvinī.

12. anuvrajati kaḥ nu eṣaḥ mām iti eva
ca saḥ abravīt aham tu adṛśyatī nāmnā
tam snuṣā pratyabhāṣata śakteḥ
bhāryā mahābhāga tapas yuktā tapasvinī

12. 'Who indeed follows me?' he asked. To him, the daughter-in-law, Adṛśyatī by name, replied, 'O highly esteemed one, I am the wife of Śakti, endowed with asceticism (tapas) and devoted to spiritual practices.'

Words meanings summery:

• अनुव्रजति (anuvrajati) - follows, goes after

• कः (kaḥ) - who

• नु (nu) - indeed, now, then (particle of interrogation or emphasis)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this

• माम् (mām) - me

• इति (iti) - thus, marking quotation

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly

• च (ca) - and, also

• सः (saḥ) - the sage (he, that)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

• अहम् (aham) - I

• तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

• अदृश्यती (adṛśyatī) - Adṛśyatī (proper noun)

• नाम्ना (nāmnā) - by name

• तम् (tam) - to the sage (to him)

• स्नुषा (snuṣā) - daughter-in-law

• प्रत्यभाषत (pratyabhāṣata) - she replied, she spoke back

• शक्तेः (śakteḥ) - of Śakti (proper noun)

• भार्या (bhāryā) - wife

• महाभाग (mahābhāga) - O fortunate one, O highly esteemed one

• तपस् (tapas) - austerity (tapas), penance, spiritual fervor

• युक्ता (yuktā) - endowed with, united with, engaged in

• तपस्विनी (tapasvinī) - female ascetic, ascetic woman, devout woman

Words meanings and morphology

अनुव्रजति (anuvrajati) - follows, goes after

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Present (laṭ) of vraj

Prefix: anu

Root: vraj (class 1)

कः (kaḥ) - who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

नु (nu) - indeed, now, then (particle of interrogation or emphasis)

(indeclinable)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, he, she, it (near speaker)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

इति (iti) - thus, marking quotation

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - the sage (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he spoke, he said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

तु (tu) - but, however, indeed

(indeclinable)

अदृश्यती (adṛśyatī) - Adṛśyatī (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of adṛśyatī

adṛśyatī - Adṛśyatī (name of the daughter-in-law, meaning 'invisible')

नाम्ना (nāmnā) - by name

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of nāman

nāman - name, appellation

तम् (tam) - to the sage (to him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

स्नुषा (snuṣā) - daughter-in-law

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of snuṣā

snuṣā - daughter-in-law

प्रत्यभाषत (pratyabhāṣata) - she replied, she spoke back

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, Imperfect (laṅ) of bhāṣ

Prefixes: prati+abhi

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

शक्तेः (śakteḥ) - of Śakti (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śakti

śakti - power, energy, strength, divine feminine power, (proper name of a sage)

Root: śak (class 5)

भार्या (bhāryā) - wife

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

महाभाग (mahābhāga) - O fortunate one, O highly esteemed one

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahābhāga

mahābhāga - highly fortunate, highly esteemed, noble

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+bhāga)

• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective
• bhāga – share, portion, fortune
  noun (masculine)
  Root: bhaj (class 1)

तपस् (tapas) - austerity (tapas), penance, spiritual fervor

(noun)

neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - heat, austerity, penance, spiritual fervor

Root: tap (class 1)

युक्ता (yuktā) - endowed with, united with, engaged in

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yukta

yukta - joined, united, endowed with, engaged in, appropriate

Past Passive Participle

feminine nominative singular of Past Passive Participle yukta

Root: yuj (class 7)

तपस्विनी (tapasvinī) - female ascetic, ascetic woman, devout woman

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tapasvinī

tapasvinī - female ascetic, woman practicing austerity

feminine form of tapasvin