महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-135, verse-14

इदं तदशुभं नूनं तस्य कर्म चिकीर्षितम् ।
प्रागेव विदुरो वेद तेनास्मानन्वबोधयत् ॥१४॥

14. idaṁ tadaśubhaṁ nūnaṁ tasya karma cikīrṣitam ,
prāgeva viduro veda tenāsmānanvabodhayat.

14. idam tat aśubham nūnam tasya karma cikīrṣitam
| prāk eva viduraḥ veda tena asmān anvabodhayat

14. This is certainly that inauspicious act (karma) intended by him. Vidura knew this beforehand, and therefore he informed us.

Words meanings summery:

• इदम् (idam) - this, this one

• तत् (tat) - emphatic 'that' as in 'this very thing' (that, that one)

• अशुभम् (aśubham) - inauspicious, evil, harmful

• नूनम् (nūnam) - certainly, indeed, surely

• तस्य (tasya) - of him, his

• कर्म (karma) - action, deed, work (karma)

• चिकीर्षितम् (cikīrṣitam) - intended to be done, desired to be done

• प्राक् (prāk) - before, previously, formerly

• एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

• विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura

• वेद (veda) - knew

• तेन (tena) - by that, therefore

• अस्मान् (asmān) - us

• अन्वबोधयत् (anvabodhayat) - he informed, he made aware

Words meanings and morphology

इदम् (idam) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, here

तत् (tat) - emphatic 'that' as in 'this very thing' (that, that one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अशुभम् (aśubham) - inauspicious, evil, harmful

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aśubha

aśubha - inauspicious, unpropitious, evil, harmful

Negation of 'śubha' (auspicious)

नूनम् (nūnam) - certainly, indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

तस्य (tasya) - of him, his

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कर्म (karma) - action, deed, work (karma)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of karma

karma - action, deed, work, ritual action (karma)

From root 'kṛ' (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

चिकीर्षितम् (cikīrṣitam) - intended to be done, desired to be done

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of cikīrṣita

cikīrṣita - desired to be done, intended, purposed

Past Passive Participle from Desiderative stem

From desiderative of root 'kṛ' (to do, make)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

प्राक् (prāk) - before, previously, formerly

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, certainly, only

(indeclinable)

विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (a proper name, half-brother to Dhṛtarāṣṭra and Pāṇḍu)

वेद (veda) - knew

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (present sense) (lit) of vid

Root: vid (class 2)

तेन (tena) - by that, therefore

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'therefore'

अस्मान् (asmān) - us

(pronoun)

Accusative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

अन्वबोधयत् (anvabodhayat) - he informed, he made aware

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of anubodhaya

Causative verb stem

From root 'budh' with prefix 'anu'

Prefix: anu

Root: budh (class 1)