महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-135, verse-16

स तथेति प्रतिश्रुत्य खनको यत्नमास्थितः ।
परिखामुत्किरन्नाम चकार सुमहद्बिलम् ॥१६॥

16. sa tatheti pratiśrutya khanako yatnamāsthitaḥ ,
parikhāmutkirannāma cakāra sumahadbilam.

16. sa tathā iti pratiśrutya khanakaḥ yatnam āsthitaḥ
parikhām utkiran nāma cakāra sumahat bilam

16. He, the digger, having assented saying, 'So be it,' applied himself with diligence. While excavating the moat, he indeed created a very large tunnel.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he, that

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

• इति (iti) - thus, so saying, quotation marker

• प्रतिश्रुत्य (pratiśrutya) - having promised, having assented

• खनकः (khanakaḥ) - digger, miner

• यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort, exertion, endeavor

• आस्थितः (āsthitaḥ) - applied himself (resorted to, undertaken, applied, engaged in)

• परिखाम् (parikhām) - moat, trench, ditch

• उत्किरन् (utkiran) - digging out, excavating

• नाम (nāma) - indeed (indeed, truly, by name)

• चकार (cakāra) - he made, he did

• सुमहत् (sumahat) - very large, immense

• बिलम् (bilam) - hole, cave, tunnel, burrow

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - thus, so saying, quotation marker

(indeclinable)

प्रतिश्रुत्य (pratiśrutya) - having promised, having assented

(indeclinable)

Gerund (Absolutive)

Derived from root 'śru' (to hear) with prefix 'prati'.

Prefix: prati

Root: śru (class 5)

खनकः (khanakaḥ) - digger, miner

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khanaka

khanaka - digger, excavator, miner

Derived from root 'khan' (to dig).

Root: khan (class 1)

यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort, exertion, endeavor

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, exertion, endeavor, diligence

Root: yat (class 1)

आस्थितः (āsthitaḥ) - applied himself (resorted to, undertaken, applied, engaged in)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āsthita

āsthita - seated, standing, resorted to, undertaken, engaged in

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

परिखाम् (parikhām) - moat, trench, ditch

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of parikhā

parikhā - moat, trench, ditch surrounding a fort or city

Root: khan (class 1)

उत्किरन् (utkiran) - digging out, excavating

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ut-kirat

ut-kirat - digging out, scattering, throwing up

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to scatter, throw) with prefix 'ut' (up, out).

Prefix: ut

Root: kṛ (class 6)

नाम (nāma) - indeed (indeed, truly, by name)

(indeclinable)

चकार (cakāra) - he made, he did

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Perfect Tense, 3rd Person Singular

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सुमहत् (sumahat) - very large, immense

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, very large, immense

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very, exceedingly
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, vast
  adjective (neuter)

बिलम् (bilam) - hole, cave, tunnel, burrow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bila

bila - hole, cave, cavern, tunnel, burrow