महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-127, verse-6

न त्वमर्हसि पार्थेन सूतपुत्र रणे वधम् ।
कुलस्य सदृशस्तूर्णं प्रतोदो गृह्यतां त्वया ॥६॥

6. na tvamarhasi pārthena sūtaputra raṇe vadham ,
kulasya sadṛśastūrṇaṁ pratodo gṛhyatāṁ tvayā.

6. na tvam arhasi pārthena sūtaputra raṇe vadham |
kulasya sadṛśaḥ tūrṇam pratodaḥ gṛhyatām tvayā

6. O son of a charioteer, you are not worthy of being killed in battle by Partha (Arjuna). Rather, quickly take up a goad, which is appropriate for your family (kula).

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• त्वम् (tvam) - you

• अर्हसि (arhasi) - you deserve, you are worthy, you ought

• पार्थेन (pārthena) - by Partha, by Arjuna

• सूतपुत्र (sūtaputra) - O Karna (O son of a charioteer)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

• वधम् (vadham) - death, killing, slaying

• कुलस्य (kulasya) - of the family, of the lineage

• सदृशः (sadṛśaḥ) - similar, like, suitable, befitting

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

• प्रतोदः (pratodaḥ) - goad, whip, prod

• गृह्यताम् (gṛhyatām) - let it be taken, may it be grasped

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

त्वम् (tvam) - you

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

अर्हसि (arhasi) - you deserve, you are worthy, you ought

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present active 2nd person singular

Root: arh (class 1)

पार्थेन (pārthena) - by Partha, by Arjuna

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kunti), Arjuna

Patronymic from 'pṛthā'

सूतपुत्र (sūtaputra) - O Karna (O son of a charioteer)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sūtaputra

sūtaputra - son of a charioteer

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sūta+putra)

• sūta – charioteer, bard, messenger
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son, offspring
  noun (masculine)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, fight

Root: raṇ (class 1)

वधम् (vadham) - death, killing, slaying

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vadha

vadha - killing, slaying, striking, death

Root: vadh (class 1)

कुलस्य (kulasya) - of the family, of the lineage

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of kula

kula - family, lineage, race, clan

सदृशः (sadṛśaḥ) - similar, like, suitable, befitting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sadṛśa

sadṛśa - similar, like, resembling, suitable, befitting

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

(indeclinable)

Note: Can also be adverbial accusative of adjective tūrṇa.

प्रतोदः (pratodaḥ) - goad, whip, prod

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratoda

pratoda - goad, whip, prod, instrument for urging elephants

Prefix: pra

Root: tud (class 6)

गृह्यताम् (gṛhyatām) - let it be taken, may it be grasped

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of grah

Imperative 3rd person singular, passive voice

Root: grah (class 9)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)