महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-127, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
ततः स्रस्तोत्तरपटः सप्रस्वेदः सवेपथुः ।
विवेशाधिरथो रङ्गं यष्टिप्राणो ह्वयन्निव ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tataḥ srastottarapaṭaḥ saprasvedaḥ savepathuḥ ,
viveśādhiratho raṅgaṁ yaṣṭiprāṇo hvayanniva.

1. vaiśaṃpāyana uvāca tataḥ srasta-uttarapaṭaḥ sa-prasvedaḥ
sa-vepathuḥ viveśa adhirathaḥ raṅgam yaṣṭi-prāṇaḥ hvayan iva

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Then Adhiratha entered the arena, his upper garment (uttarapaṭa) having slipped, sweating and trembling, leaning on a staff, as if he were calling out.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - the sage narrator of the Mahabharata (Vaiśampāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

• स्रस्त-उत्तरपटः (srasta-uttarapaṭaḥ) - Adhiratha, whose upper garment (uttarapaṭa) had slipped (whose upper garment has slipped)

• स-प्रस्वेदः (sa-prasvedaḥ) - with perspiration, sweaty

• स-वेपथुः (sa-vepathuḥ) - with trembling, trembling

• विवेश (viveśa) - entered

• अधिरथः (adhirathaḥ) - Karna's foster father, the charioteer (Adhiratha)

• रङ्गम् (raṅgam) - arena, stage

• यष्टि-प्राणः (yaṣṭi-prāṇaḥ) - whose life is a staff, leaning on a staff

• ह्वयन् (hvayan) - calling, invoking

• इव (iva) - as if, like, as

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायन (vaiśaṁpāyana) - the sage narrator of the Mahabharata (Vaiśampāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - Vaiśampāyana (a sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect 3rd Singular Active Voice

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, afterwards

(indeclinable)

स्रस्त-उत्तरपटः (srasta-uttarapaṭaḥ) - Adhiratha, whose upper garment (uttarapaṭa) had slipped (whose upper garment has slipped)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of srastottarapaṭa

srastottarapaṭa - one whose upper garment has slipped

Compound (Bahuvrihi)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (srasta+uttarapaṭa)

• srasta – slipped, loosened, fallen
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root sraṃs (to fall, slip)
  Root: sraṃs (class 1)
• uttarapaṭa – upper garment, mantle
  noun (masculine)

स-प्रस्वेदः (sa-prasvedaḥ) - with perspiration, sweaty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saprasveda

saprasveda - accompanied by perspiration, sweaty

Compound (Bahuvrihi, 'with')

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+prasveda)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• prasveda – perspiration, sweat
  noun (masculine)

स-वेपथुः (sa-vepathuḥ) - with trembling, trembling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of savepathu

savepathu - accompanied by trembling, trembling

Compound (Bahuvrihi, 'with')

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+vepathu)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• vepathu – trembling, tremor
  noun (masculine)

विवेश (viveśa) - entered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of viś

Perfect 3rd Singular Active Voice

Prefix: vi

Root: viś (class 6)

अधिरथः (adhirathaḥ) - Karna's foster father, the charioteer (Adhiratha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adhiratha

adhiratha - Adhiratha (a charioteer)

रङ्गम् (raṅgam) - arena, stage

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of raṅga

raṅga - arena, stage, theatre

यष्टि-प्राणः (yaṣṭi-prāṇaḥ) - whose life is a staff, leaning on a staff

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yaṣṭiprāṇa

yaṣṭiprāṇa - one whose life/support is a staff, leaning on a staff

Compound (Bahuvrihi)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (yaṣṭi+prāṇa)

• yaṣṭi – staff, stick, rod
  noun (feminine)
• prāṇa – life, breath, vital air, support
  noun (masculine)

ह्वयन् (hvayan) - calling, invoking

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hve

hve - to call, invoke

Present Active Participle

Derived from root hve

Root: hve (class 1)

इव (iva) - as if, like, as

(indeclinable)