दुर्गा-सप्तशती
durgā-saptaśatī
-
chapter-12, verse-5
स्वाहोच्चारणतो देवान्स्वधोच्चारणतः पितॄन् ।
विभजत्यन्नदानेन भूताद्यानतिथीनपि ॥५॥
विभजत्यन्नदानेन भूताद्यानतिथीनपि ॥५॥
5. svāhoccāraṇato devānsvadhoccāraṇataḥ pitṝn .
vibhajatyannadānena bhūtādyānatithīnapi.
vibhajatyannadānena bhūtādyānatithīnapi.
5.
svāhā uccāraṇataḥ devān svadhā uccāraṇataḥ pitṝn
vibhajati anna-dānena bhūtādyān atithīn api
vibhajati anna-dānena bhūtādyān atithīn api
5.
He distributes to the gods by uttering 'svāhā', and to the ancestors (pitṝṇām) by uttering 'svadhā'. He also distributes by giving food to the primary beings (bhūtādyān) and guests.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- स्वाहा (svāhā) - the ritual exclamation for offering to gods (hail! oblation! (exclamatory sacrificial utterance))
- उच्चारणतः (uccāraṇataḥ) - by uttering, by pronouncing, from utterance
- देवान् (devān) - gods, deities
- स्वधा (svadhā) - the ritual exclamation for offering to ancestors (pitṝṇām) (ancestral offering, oblation to ancestors)
- उच्चारणतः (uccāraṇataḥ) - by uttering, by pronouncing, from utterance
- पितॄन् (pitṝn) - ancestors, fathers
- विभजति (vibhajati) - distributes, divides, portions out
- अन्नदानेन (annadānena) - by giving food, by charitable donation of food
- भूताद्यान् (bhūtādyān) - significant or leading classes of creatures or elemental beings (principal beings, primary creatures)
- अतिथीन् (atithīn) - guests, visitors
- अपि (api) - also, even, too
Words meanings and morphology
स्वाहा (svāhā) - the ritual exclamation for offering to gods (hail! oblation! (exclamatory sacrificial utterance))
(indeclinable)
उच्चारणतः (uccāraṇataḥ) - by uttering, by pronouncing, from utterance
(indeclinable)
Derived from `uc-car` (verbal root `car` with prefix `ud`) + suffix `-ana`.
Prefix: ud
Root: car (class 1)
Note: Adverbial use.
देवान् (devān) - gods, deities
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of deva
deva - god, deity
Root: div (class 4)
Note: Object of implied offering/distribution.
स्वधा (svadhā) - the ritual exclamation for offering to ancestors (pitṝṇām) (ancestral offering, oblation to ancestors)
(indeclinable)
Root: dhā (class 3)
उच्चारणतः (uccāraṇataḥ) - by uttering, by pronouncing, from utterance
(indeclinable)
Derived from `uc-car` (verbal root `car` with prefix `ud`) + suffix `-ana`.
Prefix: ud
Root: car (class 1)
Note: Adverbial use.
पितॄन् (pitṝn) - ancestors, fathers
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of pitṛ
pitṛ - father, ancestor, forefathers
Note: Object of implied offering/distribution.
विभजति (vibhajati) - distributes, divides, portions out
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vi-bhaj
Root `bhaj` (1st class) with prefix `vi`.
Prefix: vi
Root: bhaj (class 1)
Note: The subject is the implied householder (`gṛhī`).
अन्नदानेन (annadānena) - by giving food, by charitable donation of food
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of annadāna
annadāna - giving of food, food charity
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (anna+dāna)
- anna – food, grain, cooked rice
noun (neuter)
Root: ad (class 2) - dāna – giving, gift, donation
noun (neuter)
Derived from root `dā` with suffix `-ana`.
Root: dā (class 3)
Note: Means by which distribution is done.
भूताद्यान् (bhūtādyān) - significant or leading classes of creatures or elemental beings (principal beings, primary creatures)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of bhūtādya
bhūtādya - first among beings, primary beings, related to beings
Compound of `bhūta` and `ādya`. `ādya` means 'first, initial, primary'.
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūta+ādya)
- bhūta – being, creature, element, past
noun (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from root `bhū` with suffix `-ta`.
Root: bhū (class 1) - ādya – first, initial, primary, chief, principal
adjective (masculine)
Derived from `ādi` (beginning) + `ya` suffix.
Note: Object of `vibhajati`.
अतिथीन् (atithīn) - guests, visitors
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, plural of atithi
atithi - guest, visitor (without a fixed date)
Note: Object of `vibhajati`.
अपि (api) - also, even, too
(indeclinable)
Note: Emphasizes inclusion of guests.