दुर्गा-सप्तशती
durgā-saptaśatī
-
chapter-12, verse-3
पितर ऊचुः ।
वत्स कस्मात्त्वया पुण्यो न कृतो दारसंग्रहः ।
स्वर्गापवर्गहतुत्वाद्बन्धस्तेनानिशं विना ॥३॥
वत्स कस्मात्त्वया पुण्यो न कृतो दारसंग्रहः ।
स्वर्गापवर्गहतुत्वाद्बन्धस्तेनानिशं विना ॥३॥
3. pitara ūcuḥ .
vatsa kasmāttvayā puṇyo na kṛto dārasaṃgrahaḥ .
svargāpavargahatutvādbandhastenāniśaṃ vinā.
vatsa kasmāttvayā puṇyo na kṛto dārasaṃgrahaḥ .
svargāpavargahatutvādbandhastenāniśaṃ vinā.
3.
pitaraḥ ūcuḥ vatsa kasmāt tvayā puṇyaḥ na kṛtaḥ
dārasaṅgrahaḥ svargāpavargahetutvāt bandhaḥ tena aniśam vinā
dārasaṅgrahaḥ svargāpavargahetutvāt bandhaḥ tena aniśam vinā
3.
The ancestors said: "O son, why have you not performed the meritorious act of marriage? For it is the cause of heaven and final liberation (apavarga), and without it, there is no constant continuation of the family line."
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पितरः (pitaraḥ) - the ancestral spirits or forefathers of Ruci (the ancestors, the fathers)
- ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they spoke, they said
- वत्स (vatsa) - addressing Ruci (O son, O child)
- कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what reason
- त्वया (tvayā) - by you
- पुण्यः (puṇyaḥ) - the meritorious act (of marriage) (meritorious, virtuous, sacred act)
- न (na) - not
- कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - done, performed
- दारसङ्ग्रहः (dārasaṅgrahaḥ) - marriage, taking a wife
- स्वर्गापवर्गहेतुत्वात् (svargāpavargahetutvāt) - because it is the cause of heaven and final liberation (apavarga)
- बन्धः (bandhaḥ) - family line or continuity of progeny (bond, tie, connection, kinship, family line)
- तेन (tena) - by means of that (marriage) (by that, through that)
- अनिशम् (aniśam) - constantly, perpetually, without cessation
- विना (vinā) - without (marriage/progeny) (without, except)
Words meanings and morphology
पितरः (pitaraḥ) - the ancestral spirits or forefathers of Ruci (the ancestors, the fathers)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of pitṛ
pitṛ - father, ancestor, progenitor
ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - they spoke, they said
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, perfect (Lit) of vac
Perfect (Lit) third person plural
Root: vac (class 2)
वत्स (vatsa) - addressing Ruci (O son, O child)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of vatsa
vatsa - calf, child, son (term of endearment)
कस्मात् (kasmāt) - why, from what reason
(indeclinable)
ablative singular of kim
त्वया (tvayā) - by you
(pronoun)
Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you (second person pronoun)
पुण्यः (puṇyaḥ) - the meritorious act (of marriage) (meritorious, virtuous, sacred act)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of puṇya
puṇya - virtuous, meritorious, good, holy, sacred; merit, virtue, good deed
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
कृतः (kṛtaḥ) - done, performed
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛta
kṛta - done, made, performed
Past Passive Participle
from root kṛ
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Used in passive construction with instrumental 'tvayā'.
दारसङ्ग्रहः (dārasaṅgrahaḥ) - marriage, taking a wife
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dārasaṅgraha
dārasaṅgraha - marriage, marrying, taking a wife
Compound type : tatpurusha (dāra+saṅgraha)
- dāra – wife (often plural, but used singularly as 'wife')
noun (masculine) - saṅgraha – collection, accumulation, acquisition, seizing, marrying
noun (masculine)
Prefix: sam
Root: grah (class 9)
स्वर्गापवर्गहेतुत्वात् (svargāpavargahetutvāt) - because it is the cause of heaven and final liberation (apavarga)
(noun)
Ablative, neuter, singular of svargāpavargahetutva
svargāpavargahetutva - the state of being the cause of heaven and final liberation (apavarga)
suffix -tva forming abstract noun
Compound type : tatpurusha (svarga+apavarga+hetu+tva)
- svarga – heaven, celestial abode
noun (masculine) - apavarga – completion, liberation, final emancipation (mokṣa)
noun (masculine)
Prefix: apa
Root: vṛj (class 1) - hetu – cause, reason, motive
noun (masculine) - tva – state of being, -ness (abstract noun suffix)
suffix (neuter)
बन्धः (bandhaḥ) - family line or continuity of progeny (bond, tie, connection, kinship, family line)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of bandha
bandha - bond, tie, connection, union, family relation, kinship, lineage
Root: bandh (class 9)
तेन (tena) - by means of that (marriage) (by that, through that)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, he, she, it
Note: Refers to dārasaṅgrahaḥ (marriage).
अनिशम् (aniśam) - constantly, perpetually, without cessation
(indeclinable)
Compound type : bahuvrihi (adverbial) (an+niśā)
- an – not, un-, without (negative prefix)
indeclinable - niśā – night
noun (feminine)
विना (vinā) - without (marriage/progeny) (without, except)
(indeclinable)
Note: The meaning is that without marriage, the mentioned benefits (heaven, liberation, family line) are not possible.