दुर्गा-सप्तशती
durgā-saptaśatī
-
chapter-12, verse-19
पितर ऊचुः ।
अविद्या सत्यमेवैतत्कर्म नैतन्मृषावचः ।
किन्तु विद्या परिप्राप्तौ हेतु कर्म न संशयः ॥१९॥
अविद्या सत्यमेवैतत्कर्म नैतन्मृषावचः ।
किन्तु विद्या परिप्राप्तौ हेतु कर्म न संशयः ॥१९॥
19. pitara ūcuḥ .
avidyā satyamevaitatkarma naitanmṛṣāvacaḥ .
kintu vidyā pariprāptau hetu karma na saṃśayaḥ.
avidyā satyamevaitatkarma naitanmṛṣāvacaḥ .
kintu vidyā pariprāptau hetu karma na saṃśayaḥ.
19.
pitaraḥ ūcuḥ avidyā satyam eva etat karma na etat
mṛṣāvacah किन्तु विद्या परिप्राप्तौ हेतु कर्म न संशयः
mṛṣāvacah किन्तु विद्या परिप्राप्तौ हेतु कर्म न संशयः
19.
The ancestors said: 'Indeed, it is true that this (path of) action (karma) is ignorance (avidyā); this is not a false statement. However, action (karma) is certainly the means for attaining knowledge; there is no doubt about it.'
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पितरः (pitaraḥ) - Ruci's grandfathers, responding. (the ancestors, the fathers)
- ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - said, spoke
- अविद्या (avidyā) - ignorance (avidyā), spiritual ignorance
- सत्यम् (satyam) - true, real, truth
- एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly
- एतत् (etat) - Refers to the statement 'karma is avidyā'. (this)
- कर्म (karma) - action (karma), ritual
- न (na) - not
- एतत् (etat) - Refers to the previous statement. (this)
- मृषावचह् (mṛṣāvacah) - false statement, untrue word
- किन्तु (kintu) - but, however
- विद्या (vidyā) - knowledge
- परिप्राप्तौ (pariprāptau) - in the attainment, for the acquisition, for obtaining
- हेतु (hetu) - cause, reason, means
- कर्म (karma) - action (karma), ritual
- न (na) - not
- संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt
Words meanings and morphology
पितरः (pitaraḥ) - Ruci's grandfathers, responding. (the ancestors, the fathers)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of pitṛ
pitṛ - father, ancestor
r-stem noun.
Note: Subject of ūcuḥ.
ऊचुः (ūcuḥ) - said, spoke
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac
Perfect tense (Lit)
Root vac, perfect active 3rd plural.
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: Past action, pitaraḥ are the agents.
अविद्या (avidyā) - ignorance (avidyā), spiritual ignorance
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of avidyā
avidyā - ignorance, spiritual ignorance, nescience (avidyā)
Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound of 'a' (not) and 'vidyā' (knowledge).
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vidyā)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable
Negative prefix. - vidyā – knowledge, learning, science
noun (feminine)
From root vid.
Root: vid (class 2)
Note: Predicate nominative for etat karma.
सत्यम् (satyam) - true, real, truth
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of satya
satya - true, real, actual, truth
From sat (being).
Root: as (class 2)
Note: Predicate adjective, implicitly referring to the statement.
एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, certainly
(indeclinable)
Emphatic particle.
Note: Emphatic particle.
एतत् (etat) - Refers to the statement 'karma is avidyā'. (this)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of etad
etad - this (pronoun)
Demonstrative pronoun.
Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.
कर्म (karma) - action (karma), ritual
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of karma
karma - action, deed, work, ritual, destiny (karma)
From root kṛ.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Subject.
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
Negative particle.
Note: Negates the statement etat mṛṣāvacah.
एतत् (etat) - Refers to the previous statement. (this)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of etad
etad - this (pronoun)
Demonstrative pronoun.
Note: Subject of the implied verb 'is'.
मृषावचह् (mṛṣāvacah) - false statement, untrue word
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of mṛṣāvacas
mṛṣāvacas - false speech, untrue word, lie
Compound of mṛṣā (falsely) and vacas (speech).
Compound type : karmadhāraya (mṛṣā+vacas)
- mṛṣā – falsely, untrue, in vain
indeclinable
Adverb. - vacas – speech, word, statement
noun (neuter)
From root vac.
Root: vac (class 2)
Note: Predicate nominative to etat.
किन्तु (kintu) - but, however
(indeclinable)
Conjunction introducing a contrasting idea.
Note: Introduces a counter-argument.
विद्या (vidyā) - knowledge
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of vidyā
vidyā - knowledge, learning, science
From root vid.
Root: vid (class 2)
परिप्राप्तौ (pariprāptau) - in the attainment, for the acquisition, for obtaining
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of pariprāpti
pariprāpti - attainment, acquisition, obtaining, complete arrival
From pari-prāp + -ti suffix.
Prefixes: pari+pra
Root: āp (class 5)
Note: Indicates purpose or circumstance.
हेतु (hetu) - cause, reason, means
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of hetu
hetu - cause, reason, motive, means, instrument
From root hi.
Root: hi (class 3)
Note: Predicate nominative for karma.
कर्म (karma) - action (karma), ritual
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of karma
karma - action, deed, work, ritual, destiny (karma)
From root kṛ.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Subject.
न (na) - not
(indeclinable)
Negative particle.
संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya
saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty, hesitation
From saṃ-śī (to doubt).
Prefix: sam
Root: śī (class 2)
Note: Predicate nominative to implied 'is'.