दुर्गा-सप्तशती
durgā-saptaśatī
-
chapter-12, verse-23
तस्माद्वत्स कुरुष्व त्वं विधिवद्दारसंग्रहम् ।
मां जन्म विफलं तेऽस्तु असम्प्राप्य तु लौकिकम् ॥२३॥
मां जन्म विफलं तेऽस्तु असम्प्राप्य तु लौकिकम् ॥२३॥
23. tasmādvatsa kuruṣva tvaṃ vidhivaddārasaṃgraham .
māṃ janma viphalaṃ te'stu asamprāpya tu laukikam.
māṃ janma viphalaṃ te'stu asamprāpya tu laukikam.
23.
tasmāt vatsa kuruṣva tvaṃ vidhivat dārasaṃgraham |
māṃ janma viphalaṃ te astu asamprāpya tu laukikam
māṃ janma viphalaṃ te astu asamprāpya tu laukikam
23.
Therefore, my child (vatsa), you should undertake marriage (dārasaṃgraha) according to the sacred law (dharma). Otherwise, by not achieving worldly life (laukikam), my existence will be fruitless for you.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, hence
- वत्स (vatsa) - my dear child (vocative address) (child, dear one, calf)
- कुरुष्व (kuruṣva) - do, perform, make
- त्वं (tvaṁ) - you
- विधिवत् (vidhivat) - according to prescribed rules (dharma) (according to rule, properly, ritually)
- दारसंग्रहम् (dārasaṁgraham) - marriage, taking a wife
- मां (māṁ) - my (existence) (me)
- जन्म (janma) - existence, life (birth, life, existence)
- विफलं (viphalaṁ) - fruitless, useless, ineffectual
- ते (te) - for you (to you, for you, your)
- अस्तु (astu) - let it be, may it be
- असम्प्राप्य (asamprāpya) - without obtaining, not having attained
- तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand
- लौकिकम् (laukikam) - worldly life, worldly achievements (worldly, secular, temporal)
Words meanings and morphology
तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that, hence
(indeclinable)
Neuter/masculine ablative singular.
Note: Adverbial.
वत्स (vatsa) - my dear child (vocative address) (child, dear one, calf)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of vatsa
vatsa - calf, child, son, dear one
Note: Term of endearment.
कुरुष्व (kuruṣva) - do, perform, make
(verb)
2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ
Imperative Middle
2nd person singular, imperative mood, middle voice.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
त्वं (tvaṁ) - you
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of tvad
tvad - you (2nd person pronoun)
Second person singular pronoun.
विधिवत् (vidhivat) - according to prescribed rules (dharma) (according to rule, properly, ritually)
(indeclinable)
From `vidhi` (rule, precept) + `vat` (suffix meaning 'like', 'according to').
दारसंग्रहम् (dārasaṁgraham) - marriage, taking a wife
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of dārasaṃgraha
dārasaṁgraha - marriage, taking a wife, collection of wives
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dāra+saṃgraha)
- dāra – wife (masculine plural in this sense), splitting, tearing
noun (masculine)
Usually `dārāḥ` (masc. plural) for 'wife/wives'. Here singular form is part of compound.
Root: dṝ (class 6) - saṃgraha – collection, grasping, bringing together, accepting, acquisition
noun (masculine)
From `sam-grah` (to grasp, collect).
Prefix: sam
Root: grah (class 9)
Note: Object of `kuruṣva`.
मां (māṁ) - my (existence) (me)
(pronoun)
Accusative, singular of asmad
asmad - I, me (1st person pronoun)
Accusative singular of `asmad`. Here implies 'my'.
जन्म (janma) - existence, life (birth, life, existence)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of janman
janman - birth, origin, existence, life
From root `jan` (to be born).
Root: jan (class 4)
विफलं (viphalaṁ) - fruitless, useless, ineffectual
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of viphala
viphala - fruitless, useless, unsuccessful, deprived of fruit
`vi` (negation/privation) + `phala` (fruit, result).
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+phala)
- vi – without, un-, apart
indeclinable
Preposition/prefix used for negation or separation. - phala – fruit, result, consequence, reward
noun (neuter)
ते (te) - for you (to you, for you, your)
(pronoun)
Dative, singular of tvad
tvad - you (2nd person pronoun)
Dative/genitive singular of `tvad`.
Note: Here refers to the person being addressed.
अस्तु (astu) - let it be, may it be
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of as
Imperative Active
3rd person singular, imperative mood, active voice.
Root: as (class 2)
असम्प्राप्य (asamprāpya) - without obtaining, not having attained
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund) with negation
`a` (negation) + `sam-pra-āp` (to obtain) + `ya` (absolutive suffix, used when verb has prefixes).
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+samprāpya)
- a – not, un-
indeclinable
Negation prefix. - samprāpya – having obtained, having attained
indeclinable
Absolutive (Gerund)
From `sam-pra-āp` (to obtain).
Prefixes: sam+pra
Root: āp (class 5)
Note: Forms a condition for the consequence.
तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand
(indeclinable)
लौकिकम् (laukikam) - worldly life, worldly achievements (worldly, secular, temporal)
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of laukika
laukika - worldly, secular, pertaining to the world, ordinary
From `loka` (world) + `ika` (suffix).
Note: Object of `asamprāpya`.