दुर्गा-सप्तशती
durgā-saptaśatī
-
chapter-12, verse-16
पूर्वकर्म कृतं भोगैः क्षीयतेऽहर्निशं तथा ।
सुखदुःखात्मकैर्वत्स पुण्यापुण्यात्मकैर्नृणाम् ॥१६॥
सुखदुःखात्मकैर्वत्स पुण्यापुण्यात्मकैर्नृणाम् ॥१६॥
16. pūrvakarma kṛtaṃ bhogaiḥ kṣīyate'harniśaṃ tathā .
sukhaduḥkhātmakairvatsa puṇyāpuṇyātmakairnṛṇām.
sukhaduḥkhātmakairvatsa puṇyāpuṇyātmakairnṛṇām.
16.
pūrvakarma kṛtam bhogaiḥ kṣīyate aharniśam tathā
sukhaduḥkhātmakaiḥ vatsa puṇyāpuṇyātmakaiḥ nṛṇām
sukhaduḥkhātmakaiḥ vatsa puṇyāpuṇyātmakaiḥ nṛṇām
16.
O dear one, previous actions (karma) performed by humans are thus diminished day and night through experiences that are inherently pleasant and painful, and inherently meritorious and demeritorious.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- पूर्वकर्म (pūrvakarma) - previous action, past deed
- कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, performed, made
- भोगैः (bhogaiḥ) - by enjoyments, by experiences, by consumption
- क्षीयते (kṣīyate) - is diminished, is consumed, is destroyed
- अहर्निशम् (aharniśam) - day and night, constantly
- तथा (tathā) - thus, in that way, similarly
- सुखदुःखात्मकैः (sukhaduḥkhātmakaiḥ) - by those having the nature of happiness and sorrow, by pleasant and painful ones
- वत्स (vatsa) - O dear one, O child
- पुण्यापुण्यात्मकैः (puṇyāpuṇyātmakaiḥ) - by those having the nature of merit and demerit, by meritorious and demeritorious ones
- नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - of humans, of men
Words meanings and morphology
पूर्वकर्म (pūrvakarma) - previous action, past deed
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of pūrvakarma
pūrvakarma - previous action, past deed, destiny resulting from past actions (karma)
Compound type : karmadhāraya (pūrva+karma)
- pūrva – prior, former, preceding, eastern
adjective (masculine) - karma – action, deed, work, ritual, destiny (karma)
noun (neuter)
Root: kṛ (class 8)
कृतम् (kṛtam) - done, performed, made
(participle)
Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛta
kṛta - done, made, performed, created
Past Passive Participle
Formed from root kṛ + kta suffix.
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Adjective modifying pūrvakarma.
भोगैः (bhogaiḥ) - by enjoyments, by experiences, by consumption
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhoga
bhoga - enjoyment, experience, consumption, food, wealth
From root bhuj.
Root: bhuj (class 7)
Note: Denotes the means by which karma is diminished.
क्षीयते (kṣīyate) - is diminished, is consumed, is destroyed
(verb)
3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of kṣī
Present tense, passive voice
From root kṣī, 9th class, passive formation.
Root: kṣī (class 9)
Note: The subject is pūrvakarma.
अहर्निशम् (aharniśam) - day and night, constantly
(indeclinable)
Adverbial compound of ahan (day) and niśā (night).
Compound type : dvandva (ahan+niśā)
- ahan – day
noun (neuter) - niśā – night
noun (feminine)
Note: Adverb indicating continuous action.
तथा (tathā) - thus, in that way, similarly
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects to the previous idea.
सुखदुःखात्मकैः (sukhaduḥkhātmakaiḥ) - by those having the nature of happiness and sorrow, by pleasant and painful ones
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of sukhaduḥkhātmaka
sukhaduḥkhātmaka - having the nature of happiness and sorrow, consisting of pleasure and pain
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sukha+duḥkha+ātmaka)
- sukha – happiness, pleasure, ease
noun (neuter) - duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering
noun (neuter) - ātmaka – having the nature of, consisting of, referring to
adjective (masculine)
From ātman + -ka suffix.
Note: Modifies bhogaiḥ (implicitly referring to experiences).
वत्स (vatsa) - O dear one, O child
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of vatsa
vatsa - calf, child, dear one
Note: Term of endearment.
पुण्यापुण्यात्मकैः (puṇyāpuṇyātmakaiḥ) - by those having the nature of merit and demerit, by meritorious and demeritorious ones
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of puṇyāpuṇyātmaka
puṇyāpuṇyātmaka - having the nature of merit and demerit, consisting of virtue and sin
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (puṇya+apuṇya+ātmaka)
- puṇya – merit, virtue, good deed
noun (neuter)
Root: puṇ (class 1) - apuṇya – demerit, sin, vice
noun (neuter)
Negation of puṇya.
Prefix: a - ātmaka – having the nature of, consisting of, referring to
adjective (masculine)
From ātman + -ka suffix.
Note: Modifies bhogaiḥ (implicitly referring to experiences).
नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - of humans, of men
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of nṛ
nṛ - man, human being
Note: Possessive, referring to whose karma it is.