योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-32, verse-4

यासौ प्रसरति व्यर्थं चेत्याभावान्न सा सती ।
असत्कथं प्रसरति वन्ध्यापुत्रः क्व नृत्यति ॥ ४ ॥

yāsau prasarati vyarthaṃ cetyābhāvānna sā satī ,
asatkathaṃ prasarati vandhyāputraḥ kva nṛtyati 4

4. yā asau prasarati vyartham ceti abhāvāt na sā satī
asat katham prasarati vandhyāputraḥ kva nṛtyati

4. yā asau ceti abhāvāt vyartham prasarati sā na satī
asat katham prasarati vandhyāputraḥ kva nṛtyati

4. That which spreads in vain, being devoid of consciousness, is not truly existent. How can something non-existent extend itself? Where does the son of a barren woman dance?

Words meanings summery:

• या (yā) - which, who, that which

• असौ (asau) - that (feminine/masculine nominative singular)

• प्रसरति (prasarati) - spreads, extends, proceeds

• व्यर्थम् (vyartham) - uselessly, in vain, without purpose

• चेति (ceti) - consciousness, mind, intellect

• अभावात् (abhāvāt) - due to absence, from lack

• न (na) - not, no

• सा (sā) - she, that (feminine)

• सती (satī) - existent, real, good woman

• असत् (asat) - non-existent, unreal

• कथम् (katham) - how? why?

• प्रसरति (prasarati) - spreads, extends, proceeds

• वन्ध्यापुत्रः (vandhyāputraḥ) - son of a barren woman

• क्व (kva) - where? to what place?

• नृत्यति (nṛtyati) - dances

Words meanings and morphology

या (yā) - which, who, that which

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, whatever

Note: Relative pronoun

असौ (asau) - that (feminine/masculine nominative singular)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of adas

adas - that, yonder, such a one

प्रसरति (prasarati) - spreads, extends, proceeds

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pra-sṛ

Prefix: pra

Root: sṛ (class 1)

व्यर्थम् (vyartham) - uselessly, in vain, without purpose

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vyartha

vyartha - useless, vain, meaningless

Compound type : avyayībhāva (vi+artha)

• vi – without, apart, away
  indeclinable
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially

चेति (ceti) - consciousness, mind, intellect

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of cetas

cetas - consciousness, mind, intellect

Note: Stem form used in compound `ceti-abhāvāt`

अभावात् (abhāvāt) - due to absence, from lack

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of abhāva

abhāva - absence, non-existence, lack

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+bhāva)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• bhāva – existence, state, feeling
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

सा (sā) - she, that (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सती (satī) - existent, real, good woman

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of satī

satī - existent, real, virtuous woman

Present Active Participle

Feminine nominative singular of 'sat'

Root: as (class 2)

असत् (asat) - non-existent, unreal

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of asat

asat - non-existent, unreal

Present Active Participle (negative)

Negative form of 'sat' (present active participle of 'as')

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+sat)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
• sat – existing, real
  adjective
  Present Active Participle
  Present active participle of 'as'
  Root: as (class 2)

कथम् (katham) - how? why?

(indeclinable)

प्रसरति (prasarati) - spreads, extends, proceeds

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of pra-sṛ

Prefix: pra

Root: sṛ (class 1)

वन्ध्यापुत्रः (vandhyāputraḥ) - son of a barren woman

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vandhyāputra

vandhyāputra - son of a barren woman (an impossible thing)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (vandhyā+putra)

• vandhyā – barren woman
  noun (feminine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

क्व (kva) - where? to what place?

(indeclinable)

नृत्यति (nṛtyati) - dances

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of nṛt

Root: nṛt (class 4)