योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-15, verse-10

अहमित्यस्ति चेद्ब्रह्मन्नहमापदि दुःखितः ।
नास्ति चेत्सुखितस्तस्मादनहंकारिता वरम् ॥ १० ॥

ahamityasti cedbrahmannahamāpadi duḥkhitaḥ ,
nāsti cetsukhitastasmādanahaṃkāritā varam 10

10. aham iti asti cet brahman aham āpadi duḥkhitaḥ |
na asti cet sukhitaḥ tasmāt anahaṅkāritā varam ||

10. O Brahmin, if the ego (ahaṅkāra) exists, then I am distressed in adversity. If it does not exist, then I am happy. Therefore, the absence of ego (ahaṅkāra) is superior.

Words meanings summery:

• अहम् (aham) - I, ego

• इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating speech/thought

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• चेत् (cet) - if

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin

• अहम् (aham) - I, ego

• आपदि (āpadi) - in distress, in calamity, in misfortune

• दुःखितः (duḥkhitaḥ) - sorrowful, unhappy, distressed

• न (na) - not, no

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• चेत् (cet) - if

• सुखितः (sukhitaḥ) - happy, joyful

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• अनहङ्कारिता (anahaṅkāritā) - absence of ego (ahaṅkāra), non-egotism

• वरम् (varam) - better, excellent, preferable

Words meanings and morphology

अहम् (aham) - I, ego

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating speech/thought

(indeclinable)

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (lat) of as

Root: as (class 2)

चेत् (cet) - if

(indeclinable)

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmin, priest; the Absolute Reality

अहम् (aham) - I, ego

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

आपदि (āpadi) - in distress, in calamity, in misfortune

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of āpad

āpad - calamity, distress, misfortune

दुःखितः (duḥkhitaḥ) - sorrowful, unhappy, distressed

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥkhita

duḥkhita - afflicted, pained, sorrowful, unhappy

Past Passive Participle

Derived from noun 'duḥkha' (suffering) + suffix 'ita'

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (lat) of as

Root: as (class 2)

चेत् (cet) - if

(indeclinable)

सुखितः (sukhitaḥ) - happy, joyful

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sukhita

sukhita - happy, joyful, pleased

Past Passive Participle

Derived from noun 'sukha' (happiness) + suffix 'ita'

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(pronoun)

Ablative, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अनहङ्कारिता (anahaṅkāritā) - absence of ego (ahaṅkāra), non-egotism

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of anahaṅkāritā

anahaṅkāritā - absence of ego, non-egotism

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+ahaṅkāra+itā)

• an – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negating prefix
• ahaṅkāra – ego, sense of 'I'
  noun (masculine)
• itā – suffix used to form abstract nouns related to the quality of having or being associated with
  indeclinable (feminine)
  from 'ita' (possessed of) and 'tā' (abstract suffix)

वरम् (varam) - better, excellent, preferable

(adjective)

neuter, singular of vara

vara - excellent, best, choicest; boon; better

often used adverbially

Note: Used adverbially here, meaning 'it is better'.

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