योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-1, chapter-15, verse-1

श्रीराम उवाच ।
मुधैवाभ्युत्थितो मोहान्मुधैव परिवर्धते ।
मिथ्यामयेन भीतोऽस्मि दुरहंकारशत्रुणा ॥ १ ॥

śrīrāma uvāca ,
mudhaivābhyutthito mohānmudhaiva parivardhate ,
mithyāmayena bhīto'smi durahaṃkāraśatruṇā 1

1. śrīrāma uvāca | mudhā eva
abhyutthitaḥ mohāt mudhā eva
parivardhate | mithyāmayena bhītaḥ
asmi durahaṅkāraśatruṇā || 1 ||

1. Śrī Rāma said: "It has risen fruitlessly from delusion, and it grows fruitlessly. I am truly terrified by this illusory, evil enemy, ego (ahaṅkāra)."

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीराम (śrīrāma) - Lord Rāma

• उवाच (uvāca) - said

• मुधा (mudhā) - in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, certainly

• अभ्युत्थितः (abhyutthitaḥ) - risen, arisen, sprung up

• मोहात् (mohāt) - from delusion, from ignorance

• मुधा (mudhā) - in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, certainly

• परिवर्धते (parivardhate) - it grows, it increases, it thrives

• मिथ्यामयेन (mithyāmayena) - by the illusory, by the false

• भीतः (bhītaḥ) - frightened, terrified, afraid

• अस्मि (asmi) - I am

• दुरहङ्कारशत्रुणा (durahaṅkāraśatruṇā) - by the evil enemy, ego

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीराम (śrīrāma) - Lord Rāma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīrāma

śrīrāma - Lord Rāma, the illustrious Rāma

उवाच (uvāca) - said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice. Irregular formation.

Root: vac (class 2)

मुधा (mudhā) - in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

अभ्युत्थितः (abhyutthitaḥ) - risen, arisen, sprung up

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhyutthita

abhyutthita - risen, ascended, sprung up

Past Passive Participle

Formed from prefix 'abhi' + 'ud' + root 'sthā' (to stand).

Prefixes: abhi+ud

Root: sthā (class 1)

मोहात् (mohāt) - from delusion, from ignorance

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of moha

moha - delusion, confusion, ignorance, infatuation

मुधा (mudhā) - in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

परिवर्धते (parivardhate) - it grows, it increases, it thrives

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vṛdh

Present tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice.

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

मिथ्यामयेन (mithyāmayena) - by the illusory, by the false

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mithyāmaya

mithyāmaya - consisting of illusion, false, unreal, deceptive

भीतः (bhītaḥ) - frightened, terrified, afraid

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīta

bhīta - frightened, scared, terrified

Past Passive Participle

From root 'bhī' (to fear).

Root: bhī (class 3)

अस्मि (asmi) - I am

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present tense, 1st person singular, active voice.

Root: as (class 2)

दुरहङ्कारशत्रुणा (durahaṅkāraśatruṇā) - by the evil enemy, ego

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of durahaṅkāraśatru

durahaṅkāraśatru - the evil enemy (which is) ego

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dur+ahaṅkāra+śatru)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating badness, difficulty, or negativity.
• ahaṅkāra – ego, egocism, self-sense (ahaṅkāra)
  noun (masculine)
• śatru – enemy, foe, adversary
  noun (masculine)