वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-81, verse-18

तथा वदति देवेशे द्विजास्ते सुसमाहिताः ।
प्रसादयन्ति देवेशं यथा स्यात् पुरुषस्त्विला ॥१८॥

18. tathā vadati deveśe dvijāste susamāhitāḥ ,
prasādayanti deveśaṃ yathā syāt puruṣastvilā.

18. tathā vadati deveśe dvijāḥ te susamāhitāḥ
prasādayanti deveśam yathā syāt puruṣaḥ tu ilā

18. tathā deveśe vadati te susamāhitāḥ dvijāḥ
deveśam prasādayanti yathā ilā tu puruṣaḥ syāt

18. When the Lord of gods spoke thus, those brahmins, being well-composed, propitiated the Lord of gods so that Ila might indeed become a male (puruṣa).

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus (thus, so, in that manner)

• वदति (vadati) - when spoke (locative absolute) (speaking, when speaking)

• देवेशे (deveśe) - the Lord of gods (as part of locative absolute) (in the Lord of gods, to the Lord of gods)

• द्विजाः (dvijāḥ) - those brahmins (the twice-born, the brahmins)

• ते (te) - those (those, they)

• सुसमाहिताः (susamāhitāḥ) - well-composed (well-composed, attentive, concentrated)

• प्रसादयन्ति (prasādayanti) - propitiated (they please, they propitiate, they appease)

• देवेशम् (deveśam) - the Lord of gods

• यथा (yathā) - so that (so that, as, in which way)

• स्यात् (syāt) - might become (may be, might be, should be)

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - a male (puruṣa) (man, male, person, spirit (puruṣa))

• तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizing the transformation) (indeed, but, however)

• इला (ilā) - Ila (proper name) (Ila (proper name), earth, speech)

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of manner.

वदति (vadati) - when spoke (locative absolute) (speaking, when speaking)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of vadat

vadat - speaking, saying

Present Active Participle

From root vad- (to speak) + śatṛ suffix

Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction "deveśe vadati".

देवेशे (deveśe) - the Lord of gods (as part of locative absolute) (in the Lord of gods, to the Lord of gods)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of deveśa

deveśa - Lord of gods, a name for Shiva or Indra

Compound of deva (god) + īśa (lord)

Compound type : tatpurusha (deva+īśa)

• deva – god, divine being
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)
• īśa – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with vadati.

द्विजाः (dvijāḥ) - those brahmins (the twice-born, the brahmins)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dvija

dvija - twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya; also a bird, a tooth)

Compound of dvi (two) + ja (born)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dvi+ja)

• dvi – two
  numeral
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  Suffix
  Derived from root jan- (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Subject of prasādayanti.

ते (te) - those (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it, they

Note: Refers to dvijāḥ.

सुसमाहिताः (susamāhitāḥ) - well-composed (well-composed, attentive, concentrated)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of susamāhita

susamāhita - well-composed, concentrated, attentive, collected

Past Passive Participle

Compound of su (well) + samāhita (composed)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+samāhita)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• samāhita – composed, collected, attentive, placed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dhā- (to place) with prefix sam- (together) + ā- (towards) + -ta
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with dvijāḥ.

प्रसादयन्ति (prasādayanti) - propitiated (they please, they propitiate, they appease)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of sad

Causal present active

From root sad- (to sit) in causal form with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

Note: Present tense conveying immediate action or general truth.

देवेशम् (deveśam) - the Lord of gods

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deveśa

deveśa - Lord of gods, a name for Shiva or Indra

Compound of deva (god) + īśa (lord)

Compound type : tatpurusha (deva+īśa)

• deva – god, divine being
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)
• īśa – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)

Note: Object of prasādayanti.

यथा (yathā) - so that (so that, as, in which way)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a purpose clause, hence the optative 'syāt'.

स्यात् (syāt) - might become (may be, might be, should be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

Note: From root as.

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - a male (puruṣa) (man, male, person, spirit (puruṣa))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, male, person, human being, spirit, the cosmic person

Note: Predicate nominative to syāt.

तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizing the transformation) (indeed, but, however)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle for emphasis or contrast.

इला (ilā) - Ila (proper name) (Ila (proper name), earth, speech)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ilā

ilā - Ila (proper name), earth, speech

Note: Subject of syāt.