वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-81, verse-13

तस्माद् यजामहे सर्वे पार्थिवार्थे दुरासदम् ।
कर्दमेनैवमुक्तास्तु सर्व एव द्विजर्षभाः ।
रोचयन्ति स्म तं यज्ञं रुद्रस्याराधनं प्रति ॥१३॥

13. tasmād yajāmahe sarve pārthivārthe durāsadam ,
kardamenaivamuktāstu sarva eva dvijarṣabhāḥ ,
rocayanti sma taṃ yajñaṃ rudrasyārādhanaṃ prati.

13. tasmāt yajāmahe sarve pārthiva-arthe
durāsadam kardamena evam uktāḥ tu
sarve eva dvija-ṛṣabhāḥ rocayanti sma
tam yajñam rudrasya ārādhanam prati

13. tasmāt sarve pārthiva-arthe durāsadam
yajñam yajāmahe kardamena evam uktāḥ
tu sarve eva dvija-ṛṣabhāḥ rudrasya
ārādhanam prati tam yajñam rocayanti sma

13. Therefore, let all of us perform that great (Vedic ritual) yajña, difficult to accomplish, for the sake of the king. Thus addressed by Kardama, all the foremost twice-born (dvija-ṛṣabha) indeed approved of that (Vedic ritual) yajña for the propitiation of Rudra.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• यजामहे (yajāmahe) - we perform a Vedic ritual, we worship

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, all of us

• पार्थिव-अर्थे (pārthiva-arthe) - for the sake of the king

• दुरासदम् (durāsadam) - difficult to accomplish (referring to the Vedic ritual) (difficult to approach, formidable, invincible, difficult to accomplish)

• कर्दमेन (kardamena) - by Kardama

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्ताः (uktāḥ) - spoken, addressed, said

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• सर्वे (sarve) - all, all of them

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• द्विज-ऋषभाः (dvija-ṛṣabhāḥ) - foremost among Brahmins, bull-like Brahmins

• रोचयन्ति (rocayanti) - they approve, they like, they cause to shine

• स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past tense with present verbs)

• तम् (tam) - that

• यज्ञम् (yajñam) - Vedic ritual, devotion, worship

• रुद्रस्य (rudrasya) - of Rudra, of Shiva

• आराधनम् (ārādhanam) - worship, propitiation, homage

• प्रति (prati) - towards, concerning, for

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

Note: Ablative singular form of 'tad', used adverbially as 'therefore'.

यजामहे (yajāmahe) - we perform a Vedic ritual, we worship

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of yaj

Root: √yaj (class 1)

Note: Implies a resolve or proposal.

सर्वे (sarve) - all, all of us

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

पार्थिव-अर्थे (pārthiva-arthe) - for the sake of the king

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pārthiva-artha

pārthiva-artha - for the purpose of the king

Compound type : tatpurusha (pārthiva+artha)

• pārthiva – king, earthly ruler
  noun (masculine)
• artha – purpose, aim, sake
  noun (masculine)

Note: Locative used adverbially to denote purpose.

दुरासदम् (durāsadam) - difficult to accomplish (referring to the Vedic ritual) (difficult to approach, formidable, invincible, difficult to accomplish)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of durāsada

durāsada - difficult of access, formidable, invincible, difficult to accomplish

Compound type : praadi-tatpurusha (dur+āsada)

• dur – hard, difficult, bad
  prefix
• āsada – approaching, reaching
  noun (masculine)
  Noun from √sad with ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: √sad (class 1)

Note: Modifies an implied 'yajñam'.

कर्दमेन (kardamena) - by Kardama

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kardama

kardama - Kardama (name of a sage)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्ताः (uktāḥ) - spoken, addressed, said

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, told

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √vac (to speak)

Root: √vac (class 2)

Note: Refers to 'dvija-ṛṣabhāḥ'.

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

सर्वे (sarve) - all, all of them

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

द्विज-ऋषभाः (dvija-ṛṣabhāḥ) - foremost among Brahmins, bull-like Brahmins

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dvija-ṛṣabha

dvija-ṛṣabha - foremost among the twice-born, excellent Brahmin

Compound type : tatpurusha (dvija+ṛṣabha)

• dvija – twice-born (Brahmin)
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best, foremost
  noun (masculine)

रोचयन्ति (rocayanti) - they approve, they like, they cause to shine

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of ruc

Causative stem

Root: √ruc (class 1)

स्म (sma) - (particle indicating past tense with present verbs)

(indeclinable)

तम् (tam) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to 'yajñam'.

यज्ञम् (yajñam) - Vedic ritual, devotion, worship

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yajña

yajña - Vedic ritual, worship, devotion, offering

Derived from √yaj (to worship, sacrifice)

Root: √yaj (class 1)

रुद्रस्य (rudrasya) - of Rudra, of Shiva

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rudra

rudra - Rudra (a Vedic deity, later identified with Shiva)

आराधनम् (ārādhanam) - worship, propitiation, homage

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ārādhana

ārādhana - worship, propitiation, gratifying, accomplishment

Derived from ā-√rādh (to propitiate)

Prefix: ā

Root: √rādh (class 4)

प्रति (prati) - towards, concerning, for

(indeclinable)

Note: Preposition governing the accusative case.