वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-79, verse-21

सो ऽर्थं विदित्वा निखिलं तस्य राज्ञो यथागतम् ।
सर्वा एव स्त्रियस्ताश्च बभाषे मुनिपुंगवः ॥२१॥

21. so'rthaṃ viditvā nikhilaṃ tasya rājño yathāgatam ,
sarvā eva striyastāśca babhāṣe munipuṃgavaḥ.

21. saḥ artham viditvā nikhilam tasya rājñaḥ yathāgatam
sarvāḥ eva striyaḥ tāḥ ca babhāṣe munipuṅgavaḥ

21. saḥ munipuṅgavaḥ tasya rājñaḥ yathāgatam nikhilam
artham viditvā tāḥ sarvāḥ striyaḥ eva ca babhāṣe

21. Having completely understood the king's matter just as it had transpired, that foremost sage (munipuṅgava) then spoke to all those women.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• अर्थम् (artham) - meaning, purpose, matter, object

• विदित्वा (viditvā) - having known, having understood

• निखिलम् (nikhilam) - all, entire, complete

• तस्य (tasya) - of him, of that

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

• यथागतम् (yathāgatam) - as it happened, as it came, as it transpired

• सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just, certainly

• स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women

• ताः (tāḥ) - those

• च (ca) - and

• बभाषे (babhāṣe) - he spoke

• मुनिपुङ्गवः (munipuṅgavaḥ) - foremost sage, best among sages

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'munipuṅgavaḥ'.

अर्थम् (artham) - meaning, purpose, matter, object

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of artha

artha - meaning, purpose, object, wealth, matter

विदित्वा (viditvā) - having known, having understood

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from √vid (to know) + ktvā suffix

Root: vid (class 2)

निखिलम् (nikhilam) - all, entire, complete

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nikhila

nikhila - all, entire, complete

From ni + khila (empty, deficient)

Note: Qualifies 'artham'.

तस्य (tasya) - of him, of that

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'rājñaḥ'.

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

यथागतम् (yathāgatam) - as it happened, as it came, as it transpired

(indeclinable)

Compound of yathā (as) and āgata (come, arrived)

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+āgata)

• yathā – as, like, according to
  indeclinable
• āgata – come, arrived, happened
  past passive participle (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from ā-√gam (to come, arrive) + kta suffix
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Modifies the understanding of 'artham'.

सर्वाः (sarvāḥ) - all, every

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Refers to 'striyaḥ'.

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'sarvāḥ'.

स्त्रियः (striyaḥ) - women

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of strī

strī - woman, female

ताः (tāḥ) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'striyaḥ'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

बभाषे (babhāṣe) - he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of babhāṣe

Perfect

Derived from √bhāṣ (to speak) in perfect tense, middle voice, 3rd person singular

Root: bhāṣ (class 1)

मुनिपुङ्गवः (munipuṅgavaḥ) - foremost sage, best among sages

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of munipuṅgava

munipuṅgava - foremost sage, best among ascetics

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (muni+puṅgava)

• muni – sage, ascetic
  noun (masculine)
• puṅgava – bull, excellent, chief, foremost
  noun (masculine)