वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-79, verse-17

स ताः पप्रच्छ धर्मात्म कस्यैषा लोकसुन्दरी ।
किमर्थमागता चेह सत्यमाख्यात माचिरम् ॥१७॥

17. sa tāḥ papraccha dharmātma kasyaiṣā lokasundarī ,
kimarthamāgatā ceha satyamākhyāta māciram.

17. saḥ tāḥ papraccha dharmātman kasya eṣā lokasundarī
kimartham āgatā ca iha satyam ākhyāta mā aciram

17. That righteous one (dharmātman) asked them, "Whose is this supremely beautiful woman? For what purpose has she come here? Tell me the truth, do not delay."

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• ताः (tāḥ) - them (feminine)

• पप्रछ (papracha) - he asked

• धर्मात्मन् (dharmātman) - O righteous one

• कस्य (kasya) - whose?

• एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

• लोकसुन्दरी (lokasundarī) - supremely beautiful woman, beautiful in the world

• किमर्थम् (kimartham) - for what purpose, why

• आगता (āgatā) - having come, arrived (feminine)

• च (ca) - and

• इह (iha) - here

• सत्यम् (satyam) - the truth

• आख्यात (ākhyāta) - tell, relate (plural)

• मा (mā) - do not

• अचिरम् (aciram) - without delay

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

ताः (tāḥ) - them (feminine)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पप्रछ (papracha) - he asked

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of prach

Root: prach (class 6)

धर्मात्मन् (dharmātman) - O righteous one

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - a righteous person, virtuous soul

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – righteousness, natural law, constitution, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, nature, essence (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

कस्य (kasya) - whose?

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

लोकसुन्दरी (lokasundarī) - supremely beautiful woman, beautiful in the world

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of lokasundarī

lokasundarī - a beautiful woman, a beauty of the world

Compound type : tatpurusha (loka+sundarī)

• loka – world, people, realm
  noun (masculine)
• sundarī – beautiful woman, lovely lady
  noun (feminine)

किमर्थम् (kimartham) - for what purpose, why

(indeclinable)

Compound type : tatpurusha (kim+artha)

• kim – what, which
  pronoun (neuter)
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth
  noun (masculine)

आगता (āgatā) - having come, arrived (feminine)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, approached

Past Passive Participle

root 'gam' with prefix 'ā-' and suffix '-ta'

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

इह (iha) - here

(indeclinable)

सत्यम् (satyam) - the truth

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of satya

satya - truth, reality, true

आख्यात (ākhyāta) - tell, relate (plural)

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of ākhyā

Prefix: ā

Root: khyā (class 2)

मा (mā) - do not

(indeclinable)

अचिरम् (aciram) - without delay

(indeclinable)

Compound type : avyayibhāva (a+ciram)

• a – not, un- (negative prefix)
  indeclinable
• ciram – for a long time, long (adverb)
  indeclinable