वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-53, verse-23

ते वयं रावणं श्रुत्वा हतं सबलवाहनम् ।
त्रातारं विद्महे राम नान्यं भुवि नराधिपम् ।
तत् परित्रातुमिच्छामो लवणाद्भयपीडिताः ॥२३॥

23. te vayaṃ rāvaṇaṃ śrutvā hataṃ sabalavāhanam ,
trātāraṃ vidmahe rāma nānyaṃ bhuvi narādhipam ,
tat paritrātumicchāmo lavaṇādbhayapīḍitāḥ.

23. te vayam rāvaṇam śrutvā hatam
sabalavāhanam trātāram vidmahe rāma na
anyam bhuvi narādhipam tat paritrātum
icchāmaḥ lavaṇāt bhayapīḍitāḥ

23. Having heard that Rāvaṇa was killed along with his army and vehicles, we know, O Rāma, that you are our protector; there is no other king on earth like you. Therefore, tormented by fear, we wish to be protected from Lavaṇa.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - they, those

• वयम् (vayam) - we

• रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Rāvaṇa

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

• हतम् (hatam) - killed, slain

• सबलवाहनम् (sabalavāhanam) - along with his army and chariots (vehicles) (with his army and vehicles/chariots)

• त्रातारम् (trātāram) - protector, saviour

• विद्महे (vidmahe) - we know, we understand

• राम (rāma) - Rāma

• न (na) - not, no

• अन्यम् (anyam) - another, other

• भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth, in the world

• नराधिपम् (narādhipam) - king, ruler of men

• तत् (tat) - therefore, that, for that reason

• परित्रातुम् (paritrātum) - to protect, for protecting

• इच्छामः (icchāmaḥ) - we wish, we desire

• लवणात् (lavaṇāt) - from Lavaṇa

• भयपीडिताः (bhayapīḍitāḥ) - tormented by fear, afflicted by fear

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - they, those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'vayam' in the sense of 'we (who are those people)'.

वयम् (vayam) - we

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

रावणम् (rāvaṇam) - Rāvaṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Rāvaṇa (proper name of the demon king of Lankā)

Note: Object of 'śrutvā' (what was heard to be killed).

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - having heard, after hearing

(indeclinable)

absolutive

kṛtvā pratyaya (absolutive suffix)

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Absolutive verb form.

हतम् (hatam) - killed, slain

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck

Past Passive Participle

P.P.P. of root han (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'rāvaṇam'.

सबलवाहनम् (sabalavāhanam) - along with his army and chariots (vehicles) (with his army and vehicles/chariots)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sabalavāhana

sabalavāhana - accompanied by army and vehicles

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+bala+vāhana)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• bala – strength, power, army
  noun (neuter)
• vāhana – vehicle, mount, chariot
  noun (neuter)
  From root vah (to carry, convey)
  Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'rāvaṇam'.

त्रातारम् (trātāram) - protector, saviour

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of trātar

trātar - protector, saviour

agent noun

Agent noun from root trā (to protect)

Root: trā (class 2)

Note: Object of 'vidmahe'.

विद्महे (vidmahe) - we know, we understand

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, present (lat) of vid

present tense, middle voice

lat-lakāra, ātmanepada, 1st person plural

Root: vid (class 2)

राम (rāma) - Rāma

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (proper name of a divine king)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

अन्यम् (anyam) - another, other

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

Note: Qualifies 'narādhipam'.

भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth, in the world

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of bhū

bhū - earth, land, world

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Denotes location.

नराधिपम् (narādhipam) - king, ruler of men

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - king, ruler of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā (to protect, rule) with prefix adhi
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Object of implied 'know' (we know no other king).

तत् (tat) - therefore, that, for that reason

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage.

परित्रातुम् (paritrātum) - to protect, for protecting

(indeclinable)

infinitive

tumun pratyaya (infinitive suffix) of root trā (to protect) with prefix pari

Prefix: pari

Root: trā (class 2)

Note: Infinitive of purpose.

इच्छामः (icchāmaḥ) - we wish, we desire

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, present (lat) of iṣ

present tense, active voice

lat-lakāra, parasmaipada, 1st person plural

Root: iṣ (class 6)

लवणात् (lavaṇāt) - from Lavaṇa

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of lavaṇa

lavaṇa - Lavaṇa (proper name of a demon), salt, salty

Note: Denotes separation or source of fear.

भयपीडिताः (bhayapīḍitāḥ) - tormented by fear, afflicted by fear

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhayapīḍita

bhayapīḍita - tormented/afflicted by fear

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhaya+pīḍita)

• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
  From root bhī (to fear)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• pīḍita – afflicted, tormented, oppressed
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  P.P.P. of root pīḍ (to oppress, torment)
  Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Qualifies 'vayam' (implied subject).