वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-53, verse-22

बहवः पार्थिवा राम भयार्तैरृषिभिः पुरा ।
अभयं याचिता वीर त्रातारं न च विद्महे ॥२२॥

22. bahavaḥ pārthivā rāma bhayārtairṛṣibhiḥ purā ,
abhayaṃ yācitā vīra trātāraṃ na ca vidmahe.

22. bahavaḥ pārthivāḥ rāma bhayārtaiḥ ṛṣibhiḥ purā
abhayam yācitā vīra trātāram na ca vidmahe

22. rāma vīra,
purā bhayārtaiḥ ṛṣibhiḥ bahavaḥ pārthivāḥ abhayam yācitāḥ,
ca (tathāpi) trātāram na vidmahe

22. O Rāma, O hero, many kings were formerly implored for protection (abhaya) by sages distressed by fear, yet we know of no (such) protector.

Words meanings summery:

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many (many, numerous)

• पार्थिवाः (pārthivāḥ) - kings (kings, earth-rulers, earthly)

• राम (rāma) - O Rama (O Rama (proper name))

• भयार्तैः (bhayārtaiḥ) - by those distressed by fear (by those distressed by fear, by those afflicted with fear)

• ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - by the sages (by sages, by seers)

• पुरा (purā) - formerly (formerly, in the past, anciently)

• अभयम् (abhayam) - protection (safety, fearlessness, protection)

• याचिता (yācitā) - were implored (implored, requested, begged)

• वीर (vīra) - O hero (O hero, O brave one)

• त्रातारम् (trātāram) - a protector (protector, savior)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• च (ca) - yet, but (implies contrast) (and, also)

• विद्महे (vidmahe) - we know

Words meanings and morphology

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many (many, numerous)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, numerous, much

पार्थिवाः (pārthivāḥ) - kings (kings, earth-rulers, earthly)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pārthiva

pārthiva - earthly, pertaining to the earth; a king, ruler of earth

Derived from `pṛthivī` (earth).

राम (rāma) - O Rama (O Rama (proper name))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rama (name of a celebrated king, hero of the Rāmāyaṇa)

Root: ram (class 1)

भयार्तैः (bhayārtaiḥ) - by those distressed by fear (by those distressed by fear, by those afflicted with fear)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhayārta

bhayārta - distressed by fear, afraid, frightened

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhaya+ārta)

• bhaya – fear, terror, apprehension
  noun (neuter)
  From `√bhī` (to fear).
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, pained
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From `√ṛ` (to go, move) with `ā-`. Or from `ṛt` (to pain).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `ṛṣibhiḥ`.

ऋषिभिः (ṛṣibhiḥ) - by the sages (by sages, by seers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - seer, sage, inspired poet

From `ṛṣ` (to go, move).

Root: ṛṣ (class 6)

पुरा (purā) - formerly (formerly, in the past, anciently)

(indeclinable)

अभयम् (abhayam) - protection (safety, fearlessness, protection)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of abhaya

abhaya - safety, fearlessness, security; free from fear

`a` (negation) + `bhaya` (fear).

Compound type : nan-tatpuruṣa (a+bhaya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negation prefix.
• bhaya – fear, terror
  noun (neuter)
  From `√bhī`.
  Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Object of `yācitāḥ` (what was requested).

याचिता (yācitā) - were implored (implored, requested, begged)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yācita

yācita - asked, begged, requested, implored

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root `yāc`.

Root: yāc (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `pārthivāḥ`.

वीर (vīra) - O hero (O hero, O brave one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

Root: vīr (class 10)

Note: Addressed to Rama.

त्रातारम् (trātāram) - a protector (protector, savior)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of trātar

trātar - protector, savior, defender

Agent Noun

From root `trā` (to protect).

Root: trā (class 2)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - yet, but (implies contrast) (and, also)

(indeclinable)

विद्महे (vidmahe) - we know

(verb)

1st person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of √vid

Present, middle voice, `vid` class (special conjugation).

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: The speaker is plural (implied 'we, the sages').