वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-44, verse-22

एवमुक्त्वा तु काकुत्स्थो बाष्पेण पिहितेक्षणः ।
प्रविवेश स धर्मात्मा भ्रातृभिः परिवारितः ॥२२॥

22. evamuktvā tu kākutstho bāṣpeṇa pihitekṣaṇaḥ ,
praviveśa sa dharmātmā bhrātṛbhiḥ parivāritaḥ.

22. evam uktvā tu kākutsthaḥ bāṣpeṇa pihitekṣaṇaḥ |
praviveśa saḥ dharmātmā bhrātṛbhiḥ parivāritaḥ

22. kākutsthaḥ tu evam uktvā,
bāṣpeṇa pihitekṣaṇaḥ,
saḥ dharmātmā bhrātṛbhiḥ parivāritaḥ praviveśa

22. Having spoken thus, Rama, the descendant of Kakutstha, whose eyes were veiled by tears, that individual of righteous (dharma) disposition, entered, accompanied by his brothers.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - having spoken in this manner (thus, in this manner, so)

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken (these words) (having spoken, having said)

• तु (tu) - (emphatic particle) (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• काकुत्स्थः (kākutsthaḥ) - Rama, a descendant of the Ikshvaku king Kakutstha (descendant of Kakutstha)

• बाष्पेण (bāṣpeṇa) - by (his) tears (by tears, with vapor)

• पिहितेक्षणः (pihitekṣaṇaḥ) - whose eyes were veiled by tears (having eyes covered/hidden)

• प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - he (Rama) entered (his abode) (he entered)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Rama) (he, that)

• धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - a person whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is righteousness (dharma) (righteous-souled, virtuous, whose soul is (embodiment of) (dharma))

• भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - accompanied by his brothers (by brothers, with brothers)

• परिवारितः (parivāritaḥ) - accompanied (by his brothers) (surrounded, accompanied, encircled)

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - having spoken in this manner (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

Adverb

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken (these words) (having spoken, having said)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root √vac (to speak) which becomes uk- in the absolutive.

Root: vac (class 2)

तु (tu) - (emphatic particle) (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

Particle

काकुत्स्थः (kākutsthaḥ) - Rama, a descendant of the Ikshvaku king Kakutstha (descendant of Kakutstha)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kākutstha

kākutstha - descendant of Kakutstha (a solar dynasty king)

A patronymic referring to Rama.

Note: Refers to Rama.

बाष्पेण (bāṣpeṇa) - by (his) tears (by tears, with vapor)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bāṣpa

bāṣpa - tears, vapor, steam

पिहितेक्षणः (pihitekṣaṇaḥ) - whose eyes were veiled by tears (having eyes covered/hidden)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pihitekṣaṇa

pihitekṣaṇa - having hidden eyes, eyes covered

Bahuvrīhi compound: pihita (covered) + īkṣaṇa (eye).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pihita+īkṣaṇa)

• pihita – covered, hidden, concealed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √dhā (to put, place) with prefix api and modification.
  Prefix: api
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• īkṣaṇa – seeing, eye, looking
  noun (neuter)
  From root √īkṣ (to see).
  Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Refers to Kakutstha (Rama).

प्रविवेश (praviveśa) - he (Rama) entered (his abode) (he entered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of pra-viś

Perfect mood, active voice

Third person singular perfect active of root √viś (to enter) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

सः (saḥ) - he (Rama) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Masculine nominative singular of demonstrative pronoun tad.

धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - a person whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is righteousness (dharma) (righteous-souled, virtuous, whose soul is (embodiment of) (dharma))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - righteous soul, virtuous nature, whose soul is (dharma)

Bahuvrīhi compound: dharma (righteousness, law) + ātman (soul, self).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  From root √dhṛ (to uphold, sustain).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• ātman – soul, self, essential nature, breath
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Rama.

भ्रातृभिः (bhrātṛbhiḥ) - accompanied by his brothers (by brothers, with brothers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Used to express accompaniment.

परिवारितः (parivāritaḥ) - accompanied (by his brothers) (surrounded, accompanied, encircled)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parivārita

parivārita - surrounded, encompassed, attended

Past Passive Participle

From root √vṛ (to cover, encompass) with prefix pari- (around).

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with `kākutsthaḥ` and `saḥ dharmātmā`.