वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-95, verse-1

ततः प्रवृत्तं सुक्रूरं रामरावणयोस्तदा ।
सुमहद्द्वैरथं युद्धं सर्वलोकभयावहम् ॥१॥

1. tataḥ pravṛttaṃ sukrūraṃ rāmarāvaṇayostadā ,
sumahaddvairathaṃ yuddhaṃ sarvalokabhayāvaham.

1. tataḥ pravṛttam sukrūram rāmarāvaṇayoḥ tadā
sumahat dvairatham yuddham sarvalokabhayāvaham

1. tadā tataḥ rāmarāvaṇayoḥ sukrūram sumahat
dvairatham yuddham sarvalokabhayāvaham pravṛttam

1. Then, at that moment, an exceedingly fierce and immense chariot duel commenced between Rāma and Rāvaṇa, terrifying to all worlds.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, at that point (then, from that, therefore)

• प्रवृत्तम् (pravṛttam) - commenced, began (commenced, begun, engaged)

• सुक्रूरम् (sukrūram) - very fierce (very fierce, exceedingly cruel, extremely terrible)

• रामरावणयोः (rāmarāvaṇayoḥ) - between Rāma and Rāvaṇa (of Rāma and Rāvaṇa, between Rāma and Rāvaṇa)

• तदा (tadā) - at that moment (then, at that time)

• सुमहत् (sumahat) - immense, enormous (very great, immense, enormous)

• द्वैरथम् (dvairatham) - a chariot duel (a chariot duel, a fight between two warriors)

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight (battle, fight, war)

• सर्वलोकभयावहम् (sarvalokabhayāvaham) - terrifying to all worlds (causing fear to all worlds, terrifying to all beings)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, at that point (then, from that, therefore)

(indeclinable)

ablative suffix -tas

प्रवृत्तम् (pravṛttam) - commenced, began (commenced, begun, engaged)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pravṛtta

pravṛtta - commenced, begun, engaged, active

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vṛt' with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: agreeing with yuddham

सुक्रूरम् (sukrūram) - very fierce (very fierce, exceedingly cruel, extremely terrible)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukrūra

sukrūra - very cruel, exceedingly fierce, most terrible

Compound of 'su' (intensive prefix) and 'krūra' (fierce, cruel).

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (su+krūra)

• su – good, well, excellent, exceedingly
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating intensity or excellence
• krūra – fierce, cruel, harsh, terrible
  adjective

Note: agreeing with yuddham

रामरावणयोः (rāmarāvaṇayoḥ) - between Rāma and Rāvaṇa (of Rāma and Rāvaṇa, between Rāma and Rāvaṇa)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of rāmarāvaṇa

rāmarāvaṇa - Rāma and Rāvaṇa

Dvandva compound

Compound type : Dvandva (rāma+rāvaṇa)

• rāma – Rāma (a prominent deity in Hinduism, hero of the Rāmāyaṇa)
  proper noun (masculine)
• rāvaṇa – Rāvaṇa (the demon king of Laṅkā, antagonist in the Rāmāyaṇa)
  proper noun (masculine)

तदा (tadā) - at that moment (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

temporal adverb from 'tad'

सुमहत् (sumahat) - immense, enormous (very great, immense, enormous)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, immense, excellent

Compound of 'su' (intensive prefix) and 'mahat' (great).

Compound type : Karmadhāraya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, excellent, exceedingly
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating intensity or excellence
• mahat – great, large, immense
  adjective

Note: agreeing with yuddham

द्वैरथम् (dvairatham) - a chariot duel (a chariot duel, a fight between two warriors)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dvairatha

dvairatha - chariot duel, encounter of two chariots or warriors

Derived from 'dviratha' (two chariots/warriors) + aṇ (vṛddhi).

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight (battle, fight, war)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war, combat

Past Passive Participle

From root 'yudh' (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: The main subject of the sentence.

सर्वलोकभयावहम् (sarvalokabhayāvaham) - terrifying to all worlds (causing fear to all worlds, terrifying to all beings)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarvalokabhayāvaha

sarvalokabhayāvaha - causing fear to all worlds/people

Compound of 'sarvalokabhaya' (fear to all worlds) and 'āvaha' (bringing).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (sarva+loka+bhaya+āvaha)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective
• loka – world, people, region
  noun (masculine)
• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• āvaha – bringing, causing, producing
  adjective
  From root 'vah' with prefix 'ā', expressing 'bringing'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: vah (class 1)

Note: agreeing with yuddham