वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-69, verse-19

स निवार्य परानीकमब्रवीत्तान् वनौकसः ।
हनूमान् संनिवर्तध्वं न नः साध्यमिदं बलम् ॥१९॥

19. sa nivārya parānīkamabravīttān vanaukasaḥ ,
hanūmān saṃnivartadhvaṃ na naḥ sādhyamidaṃ balam.

19. sa nivārya parānīkam abravīt tān vanaukasaḥ
hanumān saṃnivartadhvam na naḥ sādhyam idam balam

19. Having restrained the enemy army, Hanūman said to those forest-dwelling monkeys, "Turn back! This force cannot be conquered by us."

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - Hanūman (he)

• निवार्य (nivārya) - having restrained, having stopped, having checked

• परानीकम् (parānīkam) - the enemy army, hostile forces

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

• तान् (tān) - refers to the monkeys (to them, those)

• वनौकसः (vanaukasaḥ) - refers to the monkeys addressed by Hanūman (forest-dwellers, monkeys)

• हनुमान् (hanumān) - Hanūman

• संनिवर्तध्वम् (saṁnivartadhvam) - turn back, retreat, withdraw yourselves

• न (na) - not

• नः (naḥ) - by us, for us

• साध्यम् (sādhyam) - to be accomplished, achievable, conquerable

• इदम् (idam) - this

• बलम् (balam) - referring to the enemy's military force or the challenge it poses (army, strength, force)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - Hanūman (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

निवार्य (nivārya) - having restrained, having stopped, having checked

(indeclinable)

absolutive

formed with suffix -ya after the root with prefix

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛ (class 5)

परानीकम् (parānīkam) - the enemy army, hostile forces

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of parānīka

parānīka - an enemy army, hostile forces

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+anīka)

• para – other, hostile, enemy
  adjective
• anīka – an army, a front, a face
  noun (neuter)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of brū

imperfect tense form

augment 'a' + root 'brū', 3rd person singular

Root: brū (class 2)

तान् (tān) - refers to the monkeys (to them, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वनौकसः (vanaukasaḥ) - refers to the monkeys addressed by Hanūman (forest-dwellers, monkeys)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vanaukas

vanaukas - a forest-dweller, an ape, a monkey

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vana+okas)

• vana – a forest, a wood
  noun (neuter)
• okas – a dwelling, a home, a house
  noun (neuter)

Note: Can also be nominative vocative, but here accusative as direct object of 'abravīt'

हनुमान् (hanumān) - Hanūman

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hanumat

hanumat - Hanūman (a prominent monkey deity and devotee of Rāma)

संनिवर्तध्वम् (saṁnivartadhvam) - turn back, retreat, withdraw yourselves

(verb)

2nd person , plural, middle, imperative (loṭ) of saṃnivṛt

imperative form, middle voice

imperative 2nd person plural, middle voice (loṭ)

Prefixes: sam+ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

नः (naḥ) - by us, for us

(pronoun)

plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Here used in a sense similar to instrumental for 'by us' (e.g. 'na śakyate mayā' - not possible by me)

साध्यम् (sādhyam) - to be accomplished, achievable, conquerable

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sādhya

sādhya - to be accomplished, to be effected, achievable, conquerable

gerundive

formed with suffix -ya from root sādh

Root: sādh (class 4)

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

बलम् (balam) - referring to the enemy's military force or the challenge it poses (army, strength, force)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, might; an army, a force

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