वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-69, verse-26

अथेन्द्रजिद् राक्षसभूतये तु जुहाव हव्यं विधिना विधानवत् ।
दृष्ट्वा व्यतिष्ठन्त च राक्षसास्ते महासमूहेषु नयानयज्ञाः ॥२६॥

26. athendrajid rākṣasabhūtaye tu juhāva havyaṃ vidhinā vidhānavat ,
dṛṣṭvā vyatiṣṭhanta ca rākṣasāste mahāsamūheṣu nayānayajñāḥ.

26. atha indrajit rākṣasabhūtaye tu
juhāva havyaṃ vidhinā vidhānavat
dṛṣṭvā vyatiṣṭhanta ca rākṣasāḥ
te mahāsamūheṣu nayānayajñāḥ

26. atha indrajit rākṣasabhūtaye tu
vidhinā vidhānavat havyaṃ juhāva
ca te nayānayajñāḥ rākṣasāḥ
dṛṣṭvā mahāsamūheṣu vyatiṣṭhanta

26. Then, for the prosperity of the Rākṣasas, Indrajit duly offered oblations according to the prescribed ritual (vidhāna). And having witnessed this, those Rākṣasas, who understood both proper and improper policy (naya-anaya), took their positions in large formations.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, subsequently (then, now, thereupon)

• इन्द्रजित् (indrajit) - the Rākṣasa Indrajit (conqueror of Indra (proper name))

• राक्षसभूतये (rākṣasabhūtaye) - for the advancement and well-being of the Rākṣasa community (for the prosperity/welfare of the Rākṣasas)

• तु (tu) - indeed (emphatic) (but, indeed, however)

• जुहाव (juhāva) - performed the offering (of havya) (offered (into fire))

• हव्यं (havyaṁ) - the specific offering material (oblation, sacrificial offering)

• विधिना (vidhinā) - according to the prescribed method (by rule, by method, by ordinance)

• विधानवत् (vidhānavat) - in a manner that adheres to ritualistic regulations (according to rules, formally, ritually)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having witnessed the offering ritual (having seen)

• व्यतिष्ठन्त (vyatiṣṭhanta) - took their battle positions (stood, were arranged, took positions)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - the Rākṣasa warriors (Rākṣasas (demons))

• ते (te) - those (Rākṣasas) (those, they)

• महासमूहेषु (mahāsamūheṣu) - in their massive military formations (in large groups/armies)

• नयानयज्ञाः (nayānayajñāḥ) - adept at understanding the intricacies of statecraft and war (knowing what is proper and improper, skilled in policy)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, subsequently (then, now, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects to previous action

इन्द्रजित् (indrajit) - the Rākṣasa Indrajit (conqueror of Indra (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of indrajit

indrajit - conqueror of Indra

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (indra+jit)

• indra – Indra (name of a deity)
  proper noun (masculine)
• jit – conquering, victorious
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/Adjective from root √ji
  Derived from root √ji (to conquer)
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Subject of juhāva

राक्षसभूतये (rākṣasabhūtaye) - for the advancement and well-being of the Rākṣasa community (for the prosperity/welfare of the Rākṣasas)

(noun)

Dative, feminine, singular of rākṣasabhūti

rākṣasabhūti - prosperity of Rākṣasas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rākṣasa+bhūti)

• rākṣasa – a Rākṣasa (demon)
  noun (masculine)
• bhūti – prosperity, welfare, existence
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root √bhū (to be, become)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Purpose of the offering

तु (tu) - indeed (emphatic) (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle

जुहाव (juhāva) - performed the offering (of havya) (offered (into fire))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of hu

Perfect

3rd singular, active voice, Perfect tense. Reduplicated root √hu

Root: hu (class 3)

हव्यं (havyaṁ) - the specific offering material (oblation, sacrificial offering)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of havya

havya - oblation, sacrificial offering, fit for offering

Gerundive/Nomen Agentis

Derived from root √hu (to offer)

Root: hu (class 3)

Note: Object of juhāva

विधिना (vidhinā) - according to the prescribed method (by rule, by method, by ordinance)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vidhi

vidhi - rule, method, ordinance, injunction

Derived from root √dhā (to place) with prefix vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Specifies manner

विधानवत् (vidhānavat) - in a manner that adheres to ritualistic regulations (according to rules, formally, ritually)

(indeclinable)

Derived from vidhāna + -vat (suffix meaning 'having')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vidhāna+vat)

• vidhāna – rule, ordinance, prescribed ritual
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root √dhā (to place) with prefix vi-
  Prefix: vi
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• vat – like, having, possessing
  suffix
  Primary suffix -vat

Note: Adverbial form

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having witnessed the offering ritual (having seen)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Indicates prior action

व्यतिष्ठन्त (vyatiṣṭhanta) - took their battle positions (stood, were arranged, took positions)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of sthā

Imperfect

3rd plural, active voice, Imperfect tense. Derived from root √sthā with prefixes vi- and ati-

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Root is √sthā

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction

राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - the Rākṣasa warriors (Rākṣasas (demons))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - a Rākṣasa, belonging to Rākṣasas

Note: Subject of vyatiṣṭhanta

ते (te) - those (Rākṣasas) (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the Rākṣasas

महासमूहेषु (mahāsamūheṣu) - in their massive military formations (in large groups/armies)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of mahāsamūha

mahāsamūha - large group, great multitude, massive army

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+samūha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  From mahat
• samūha – group, collection, crowd, army
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √ūh (to push, to gather) with prefix sam-
  Prefix: sam
  Root: ūh (class 1)

Note: Locative of place

नयानयज्ञाः (nayānayajñāḥ) - adept at understanding the intricacies of statecraft and war (knowing what is proper and improper, skilled in policy)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nayānayajña

nayānayajña - skilled in policy, knowing what is proper and improper

Compound of Naya-Anaya (Dvandva) and Jña (Tatpuruṣa)

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (naya+anaya+jña)

• naya – right conduct, policy, strategy
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root √nī (to lead)
  Root: nī (class 1)
• anaya – misconduct, bad policy, misfortune
  noun (masculine)
  Negative compound of a- + naya
  Prefix: a
• jña – knowing, acquainted with
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun/Adjective from root √jñā
  Derived from root √jñā (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Modifies rākṣasāḥ