वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-6, chapter-69, verse-22

इत्युक्त्वा वानरश्रेष्ठो वारयन् सर्ववानरान् ।
शनैः शनैरसंत्रस्तः सबलः स न्यवर्तत ॥२२॥

22. ityuktvā vānaraśreṣṭho vārayan sarvavānarān ,
śanaiḥ śanairasaṃtrastaḥ sabalaḥ sa nyavartata.

22. iti uktvā vānaraśreṣṭhaḥ vārayan sarvavānarān
śanaiḥ śanaiḥ asantrastaḥ sabalaḥ saḥ nyavartata

22. iti uktvā vānaraśreṣṭhaḥ sarvavānarān vārayan
saḥ asantrastaḥ sabalaḥ śanaiḥ śanaiḥ nyavartata

22. Having spoken thus, the chief of the monkeys, holding back all the other monkeys, slowly and undaunted, returned with his forces.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus (having spoken thus) (thus, so, in this manner)

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said (having said, having spoken)

• वानरश्रेष्ठः (vānaraśreṣṭhaḥ) - the chief of the monkeys (best of monkeys, chief of monkeys)

• वारयन् (vārayan) - restraining (restraining, preventing, holding back)

• सर्ववानरान् (sarvavānarān) - all the monkeys (all monkeys)

• शनैः (śanaiḥ) - slowly (slowly, gradually)

• शनैः (śanaiḥ) - slowly (slowly, gradually)

• असन्त्रस्तः (asantrastaḥ) - undaunted (unafraid, undaunted, fearless)

• सबलः (sabalaḥ) - with his force/army (with force, with an army, strong)

• सः (saḥ) - he (referring to the chief of monkeys) (he, that)

• न्यवर्तत (nyavartata) - he turned back (he turned back, he returned)

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus (having spoken thus) (thus, so, in this manner)

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said (having said, having spoken)

(indeclinable)

Gerund/Absolutive

Derived from root vac (to speak) with suffix -ktvā

Root: vac (class 2)

वानरश्रेष्ठः (vānaraśreṣṭhaḥ) - the chief of the monkeys (best of monkeys, chief of monkeys)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vānaraśreṣṭha

vānaraśreṣṭha - best of monkeys, chief of monkeys

Compound type : tatpurusha (vānara+śreṣṭha)

• vānara – monkey
  noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, excellent, chief
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative degree of praśasta (excellent)

Note: nominative singular of vānaraśreṣṭha

वारयन् (vārayan) - restraining (restraining, preventing, holding back)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vārayat

vārayat - restraining, warding off

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of the causative form of root vṛ (to cover, to restrain)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: nominative singular masculine of vārayat (present active participle)

सर्ववानरान् (sarvavānarān) - all the monkeys (all monkeys)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarvavānara

sarvavānara - all monkeys

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+vānara)

• sarva – all, every
  adjective (masculine)
• vānara – monkey
  noun (masculine)

Note: accusative plural of sarvavānara

शनैः (śanaiḥ) - slowly (slowly, gradually)

(indeclinable)

instrumental plural of śana, used as an adverb

शनैः (śanaiḥ) - slowly (slowly, gradually)

(indeclinable)

instrumental plural of śana, used as an adverb

असन्त्रस्तः (asantrastaḥ) - undaunted (unafraid, undaunted, fearless)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of asantrasta

asantrasta - unafraid, undaunted, fearless

Past Passive Participle (negated)

Negative prefix a- with past passive participle of root tras (to tremble) with prefix sam-

Compound type : bahuvrihi (a+samtrasta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• samtrasta – trembled, frightened
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root tras (to tremble) with prefix sam-
  Prefix: sam
  Root: tras (class 4)

Note: nominative singular masculine of asantrasta

सबलः (sabalaḥ) - with his force/army (with force, with an army, strong)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sabala

sabala - with force, strong, having an army

Compound with prefix sa- (with, together with)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+bala)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• bala – strength, force, army
  noun (neuter)

Note: nominative singular masculine of sabala

सः (saḥ) - he (referring to the chief of monkeys) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Note: nominative singular masculine of tad

न्यवर्तत (nyavartata) - he turned back (he turned back, he returned)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of nivṛt

Imperfect, Middle Voice, Singular

Imperfect tense form of root vṛt (to turn) with prefix ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: 3rd person singular imperfect, middle voice of nivṛt