वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-48, verse-19

ते तु दृष्टिगतं कृत्वा तं शैलं बहुकन्दरम् ।
अवारोहन्त हरयो वीक्षमाणाः समन्ततः ॥१९॥

19. te tu dṛṣṭigataṃ kṛtvā taṃ śailaṃ bahukandaram ,
avārohanta harayo vīkṣamāṇāḥ samantataḥ.

19. te tu dṛṣṭigatam kṛtvā tam śailam bahukandaram
avārohanta harayaḥ vīkṣamāṇāḥ samantataḥ

19. te harayaḥ tu tam bahukandaram śailam dṛṣṭigatam
kṛtvā samantataḥ vīkṣamāṇāḥ avārohanta

19. Having caught sight of that mountain with many caves, the monkeys then descended, surveying the area all around them.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - they

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand, now

• दृष्टिगतम् (dṛṣṭigatam) - come into sight, seen, perceived

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having taken into sight, having seen (having done, having made, having placed)

• तम् (tam) - that

• शैलम् (śailam) - mountain

• बहुकन्दरम् (bahukandaram) - having many caves, full of caves

• अवारोहन्त (avārohanta) - they descended, they went down

• हरयः (harayaḥ) - monkeys

• वीक्षमाणाः (vīkṣamāṇāḥ) - looking, observing, seeing

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - all around, everywhere, on all sides

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand, now

(indeclinable)

दृष्टिगतम् (dṛṣṭigatam) - come into sight, seen, perceived

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dṛṣṭigata

dṛṣṭigata - come into sight, seen, perceived

Compound type : tatpurusha (dṛṣṭi+gata)

• dṛṣṭi – sight, vision, view
  noun (feminine)
  Root: dṛś (class 1)
• gata – gone, reached, attained, come
  participle
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'śailam' indirectly, forming an adverbial phrase 'kṛtvā dṛṣṭigatam'.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having taken into sight, having seen (having done, having made, having placed)

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Formed from root kṛ with suffix -tvā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तम् (tam) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शैलम् (śailam) - mountain

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śaila

śaila - mountain, rock, hill

बहुकन्दरम् (bahukandaram) - having many caves, full of caves

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bahukandara

bahukandara - having many caves, full of caves

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bahu+kandara)

• bahu – many, much, abundant
  adjective
• kandara – cave, grotto, mountain cavern
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'śailam'.

अवारोहन्त (avārohanta) - they descended, they went down

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of avaroh

Prefix: ava

Root: ruh (class 1)

हरयः (harayaḥ) - monkeys

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hari

hari - monkey, lion, sun, Viṣṇu

वीक्षमाणाः (vīkṣamāṇāḥ) - looking, observing, seeing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīkṣamāṇa

vīkṣamāṇa - looking, observing, seeing

present middle participle

Derived from root īkṣ (to see) with upasarga vi

Prefix: vi

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'harayaḥ'.

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - all around, everywhere, on all sides

(indeclinable)