वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-48, verse-18

तस्याग्रमधिरूढास्ते श्रान्ता विपुलविक्रमाः ।
न पश्यन्ति स्म वैदेहीं रामस्य महिषीं प्रियाम् ॥१८॥

18. tasyāgramadhirūḍhāste śrāntā vipulavikramāḥ ,
na paśyanti sma vaidehīṃ rāmasya mahiṣīṃ priyām.

18. tasya agram adhirūḍhāḥ te śrāntāḥ vipulavikramāḥ
na paśyanti sma vaidehīm rāmasya mahiṣīm priyām

18. te vipulavikramāḥ tasya agram adhirūḍhāḥ śrāntāḥ
rāmasya priyām mahiṣīm vaidehīm na paśyanti sma

18. Those monkeys, despite their great prowess, having ascended its summit, were tired, but they did not see Vaidehī (Sītā), Rāma's beloved queen.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - of the mountain (of it, its)

• अग्रम् (agram) - summit, top, peak

• अधिरूढाः (adhirūḍhāḥ) - having ascended, climbed

• ते (te) - those

• श्रान्ताः (śrāntāḥ) - tired, exhausted

• विपुलविक्रमाः (vipulavikramāḥ) - of great valor, mighty in prowess

• न (na) - not

• पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - they see

• स्म (sma) - particle indicating past tense with a present verb

• वैदेहीम् (vaidehīm) - Sītā, the princess of Videha (Vaidehī (Sītā))

• रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rāma

• महिषीम् (mahiṣīm) - queen, chief consort

• प्रियाम् (priyām) - beloved, dear

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - of the mountain (of it, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it

अग्रम् (agram) - summit, top, peak

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of agra

agra - front, tip, summit, top

अधिरूढाः (adhirūḍhāḥ) - having ascended, climbed

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of adhirūḍha

adhirūḍha - ascended, mounted, climbed

Past Passive Participle

derived from root ruh with prefix adhi

Prefix: adhi

Root: ruh (class 1)

ते (te) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

श्रान्ताः (śrāntāḥ) - tired, exhausted

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śrānta

śrānta - tired, weary, rested

Past Passive Participle

derived from root śram

Root: śram (class 4)

विपुलविक्रमाः (vipulavikramāḥ) - of great valor, mighty in prowess

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vipulavikrama

vipulavikrama - having great valor/prowess

Compound type : bahuvrihi (vipula+vikrama)

• vipula – great, extensive, vast
  adjective
• vikrama – prowess, valor, strength
  noun (masculine)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

पश्यन्ति (paśyanti) - they see

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

present stem paśya-

Root: dṛś (class 1)

स्म (sma) - particle indicating past tense with a present verb

(indeclinable)

वैदेहीम् (vaidehīm) - Sītā, the princess of Videha (Vaidehī (Sītā))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vaidehī

vaidehī - a princess of Videha (Sītā, daughter of Janaka)

रामस्य (rāmasya) - of Rāma

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (a proper name, the hero of the Rāmāyaṇa)

महिषीम् (mahiṣīm) - queen, chief consort

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mahiṣī

mahiṣī - queen, chief consort, buffalo cow

प्रियाम् (priyām) - beloved, dear

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of priya

priya - dear, beloved, pleasing, favorite