वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-31, verse-3

न मे दुर्व्याहृतं किं चिन्नापि मे दुरनुष्ठितम् ।
लक्ष्मणो राघवभ्राता क्रुद्धः किमिति चिन्तये ॥३॥

3. na me durvyāhṛtaṃ kiṃ cinnāpi me duranuṣṭhitam ,
lakṣmaṇo rāghavabhrātā kruddhaḥ kimiti cintaye.

3. na me durvyāhṛtam kim cit na api me duranuṣṭhitam
lakṣmaṇaḥ rāghavabhrātā kruddhaḥ kim iti cintaye

3. me kim durvyāhṛtam na,
na api me kim duranuṣṭhitam.
rāghavabhrātā lakṣmaṇaḥ kim kruddhaḥ iti cintaye

3. I have not spoken anything amiss, nor have I done anything improperly. I wonder why Lakshmana, the brother of Rama, is angry.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• मे (me) - an instrumental sense, "by me" (agent of the action) (by me, to me, my)

• दुर्व्याहृतम् (durvyāhṛtam) - ill-spoken, badly said

• किम् (kim) - "anything" when used with `cit`. (anything, something (with `cit`), what, why)

• चित् (cit) - "any" or "a certain" when combined with an interrogative pronoun (kim + cit = anything/something) (particle, sometimes, a little)

• अपि (api) - "nor" in `na api` (not even) (also, even, moreover, although)

• दुरनुष्ठितम् (duranuṣṭhitam) - ill-performed, badly done, improper conduct

• लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakshmana (proper noun)

• राघवभ्राता (rāghavabhrātā) - brother of Raghava, Rama's brother

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - angry, enraged, wrathful

• किम् (kim) - what, why

• इति (iti) - Indicates the preceding phrase `kim kruddhaḥ` is a thought: "thinking 'why angry?'" (thus, in this manner, marking direct speech or thought)

• चिन्तये (cintaye) - I think, I ponder, I consider

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - an instrumental sense, "by me" (agent of the action) (by me, to me, my)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

Note: Used with passive construction, having the force of an instrumental case.

दुर्व्याहृतम् (durvyāhṛtam) - ill-spoken, badly said

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of durvyāhṛta

durvyāhṛta - ill-spoken, badly said, inappropriate speech

Past Passive Participle

Compound of `dur` (bad, difficult) and `vyāhṛta` (spoken). `vyāhṛta` is from `ā` + `hṛ` (to take) with `vi`.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dur+vyāhṛta)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
• vyāhṛta – spoken, said, uttered
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `hṛ` with prefixes `vi` and `ā`.
  Prefixes: vi+ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Implies "an ill-spoken word/thing".

किम् (kim) - "anything" when used with `cit`. (anything, something (with `cit`), what, why)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who, anything

चित् (cit) - "any" or "a certain" when combined with an interrogative pronoun (kim + cit = anything/something) (particle, sometimes, a little)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - "nor" in `na api` (not even) (also, even, moreover, although)

(indeclinable)

दुरनुष्ठितम् (duranuṣṭhitam) - ill-performed, badly done, improper conduct

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duranuṣṭhita

duranuṣṭhita - ill-performed, badly done, improperly done, improper conduct

Past Passive Participle

Compound of `dur` (bad, difficult) and `anuṣṭhita` (performed). `anuṣṭhita` is from `sthā` (to stand) with prefix `anu`.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dur+anuṣṭhita)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult, ill
  indeclinable
• anuṣṭhita – performed, done, observed, practiced
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `sthā` with prefix `anu`.
  Prefix: anu
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Implies "an ill-performed act/thing".

लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ) - Lakshmana (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of lakṣmaṇa

lakṣmaṇa - Lakshmana (name of Rama's brother)

राघवभ्राता (rāghavabhrātā) - brother of Raghava, Rama's brother

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāghavabhrātṛ

rāghavabhrātṛ - Raghava's brother, Rama's brother

Compound of `rāghava` (descendant of Raghu, an epithet of Rama) and `bhrātṛ` (brother).

Compound type : tatpurusha (rāghava+bhrātṛ)

• rāghava – descendant of Raghu, name of Rama
  proper noun (masculine)
• bhrātṛ – brother
  noun (masculine)

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - angry, enraged, wrathful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged, provoked

Past Passive Participle

From root `krudh` (to be angry).

Root: krudh (class 4)

किम् (kim) - what, why

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, who, why

इति (iti) - Indicates the preceding phrase `kim kruddhaḥ` is a thought: "thinking 'why angry?'" (thus, in this manner, marking direct speech or thought)

(indeclinable)

चिन्तये (cintaye) - I think, I ponder, I consider

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of cint

Denominative root from `cit` (consciousness/thought) or from `cint` itself.

Root: cint (class 10)

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