वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-31, verse-7

सर्वथा सुकरं मित्रं दुष्करं परिपालनम् ।
अनित्यत्वात्तु चित्तानां प्रीतिरल्पे ऽपि भिद्यते ॥७॥

7. sarvathā sukaraṃ mitraṃ duṣkaraṃ paripālanam ,
anityatvāttu cittānāṃ prītiralpe'pi bhidyate.

7. sarvathā sukaram mitram duṣkaram paripālanam
anityatvāt tu cittānām prītiḥ alpe api bhidyate

7. mitram sarvathā sukaram paripālanam duṣkaram tu
cittānām anityatvāt alpe api prītiḥ bhidyate

7. Making friends is always easy, but maintaining them is difficult. Due to the impermanence of minds, affection (prīti) breaks even over a small matter.

Words meanings summery:

• सर्वथा (sarvathā) - in every way, always, by all means

• सुकरम् (sukaram) - easy to do, easily accomplished, facile

• मित्रम् (mitram) - friend

• दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - difficult to do, hard to accomplish

• परिपालनम् (paripālanam) - maintenance, protection, preservation

• अनित्यत्वात् (anityatvāt) - because of impermanence, from changeability

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

• चित्तानाम् (cittānām) - of minds, of thoughts, of hearts

• प्रीतिः (prītiḥ) - affection, love, pleasure, joy

• अल्पे (alpe) - in a small matter, for a trifle, in a little (thing)

• अपि (api) - even, also, too

• भिद्यते (bhidyate) - breaks, is broken, is divided

Words meanings and morphology

सर्वथा (sarvathā) - in every way, always, by all means

(indeclinable)

सुकरम् (sukaram) - easy to do, easily accomplished, facile

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukara

sukara - easy to do, easily accomplished, facile, simple

gerundive

Compound of 'su' (good/easy) and 'kara' (maker/doer, from root kṛ). Can be interpreted as 'easy to do' (gerundive sense or descriptive adjective).

Compound type : pra-ādi (su+kara)

• su – good, well, easy
  indeclinable
  prefix implying ease or goodness
• kara – doing, making, causing, doer, hand
  noun (masculine)
  From root kṛ (to do), often forming agent nouns or adjectives.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used predicatively with 'mitram' (implied: making friends is easy).

मित्रम् (mitram) - friend

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mitra

mitra - friend, companion, ally, sun

दुष्करम् (duṣkaram) - difficult to do, hard to accomplish

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duṣkara

duṣkara - difficult to do, hard to accomplish, arduous

gerundive

Compound of 'dus' (bad/difficult) and 'kara' (maker/doer, from root kṛ). Can be interpreted as 'difficult to do' (gerundive sense or descriptive adjective).

Compound type : pra-ādi (dus+kara)

• dus – bad, difficult, hard
  indeclinable
  prefix implying difficulty or badness
• kara – doing, making, causing, doer, hand
  noun (masculine)
  From root kṛ (to do), often forming agent nouns or adjectives.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used predicatively with 'paripālanam'.

परिपालनम् (paripālanam) - maintenance, protection, preservation

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of paripālana

paripālana - maintenance, protection, preservation, guarding

Derived from 'pari' (around) + root 'pāl' (to protect/maintain) with suffix -ana.

Prefix: pari

Root: pāl (class 10)

अनित्यत्वात् (anityatvāt) - because of impermanence, from changeability

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of anityatva

anityatva - impermanence, changeability, transience

Derived from 'anitya' (impermanent) + suffix 'tva' (state of being). 'Anitya' itself is a nañ-tatpuruṣa compound of 'a' (not) and 'nitya' (permanent).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+nitya+tva)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negation prefix
• nitya – permanent, eternal, constant
  adjective
• tva – state of being, -ness, -hood
  suffix (neuter)
  Suffix forming abstract nouns.

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand, however

(indeclinable)

चित्तानाम् (cittānām) - of minds, of thoughts, of hearts

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of citta

citta - mind, thought, heart, consciousness

Root: cit (class 1)

प्रीतिः (prītiḥ) - affection, love, pleasure, joy

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prīti

prīti - affection, love, pleasure, joy, satisfaction

Derived from root 'prī' (to love, to please) with suffix -ti.

Root: prī (class 9)

अल्पे (alpe) - in a small matter, for a trifle, in a little (thing)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of alpa

alpa - small, little, few, trifling

अपि (api) - even, also, too

(indeclinable)

भिद्यते (bhidyate) - breaks, is broken, is divided

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle/passive, present (lat) of bhid

present middle/passive

3rd person singular present middle/passive indicative (ātmanepada form of bhid, root class 7, often used in passive sense).

Root: bhid (class 7)

Previous Verse Next Verse