वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-31, verse-21

तस्य मूर्ध्ना प्रणम्य त्वं सपुत्रः ससुहृज्जनः ।
राजंस्तिष्ठ स्वसमये भर्तुर्भार्येव तद्वशे ॥२१॥

21. tasya mūrdhnā praṇamya tvaṃ saputraḥ sasuhṛjjanaḥ ,
rājaṃstiṣṭha svasamaye bharturbhāryeva tadvaśe.

21. tasya mūrdhnā praṇamya tvam saputraḥ sasuhṛjjanaḥ
| rājan tiṣṭha svasamaye bhartuḥ bhāryā iva tadvaśe

21. rājan tvam saputraḥ sasuhṛjjanaḥ tasya mūrdhnā praṇamya,
bhartuḥ bhāryā iva tadvaśe svasamaye tiṣṭha

21. O King, you, together with your son and companions, should bow your head to him and remain in your proper station, just as a wife remains submissive to her husband.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - to him (Rāma) (of him, his, to him)

• मूर्ध्ना (mūrdhnā) - with the head, by the head

• प्रणम्य (praṇamya) - having bowed, having saluted, having made obeisance

• त्वम् (tvam) - O King, you (you)

• सपुत्रः (saputraḥ) - with son, accompanied by son

• ससुहृज्जनः (sasuhṛjjanaḥ) - with your companions (with friends and people/companions)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• तिष्ठ (tiṣṭha) - remain (in your station) (stand, remain, stay, abide)

• स्वसमये (svasamaye) - in your proper station/duty (in one's own proper time, place, or duty)

• भर्तुः (bhartuḥ) - of the husband, of the master, of the supporter

• भार्या (bhāryā) - wife, consort

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if, similar to)

• तद्वशे (tadvaśe) - under his (husband's) control (under his control, in his power)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - to him (Rāma) (of him, his, to him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Governs the action of 'praṇamya'.

मूर्ध्ना (mūrdhnā) - with the head, by the head

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mūrdhan

mūrdhan - head, skull, summit, top

Root 'mūrdh' (to rise).

Root: mūrdh

Note: Instrument of bowing.

प्रणम्य (praṇamya) - having bowed, having saluted, having made obeisance

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

From root 'nam' (to bow) with upasarga 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: nam (class 1)

त्वम् (tvam) - O King, you (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (plural or singular, formal)

Second person pronoun.

Note: Subject of 'tiṣṭha'.

सपुत्रः (saputraḥ) - with son, accompanied by son

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saputra

saputra - with son, accompanied by son

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'sa' (with) + 'putra' (son).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+putra)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
  Root: puṣ (class 9)

ससुहृज्जनः (sasuhṛjjanaḥ) - with your companions (with friends and people/companions)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sasuhṛjjana

sasuhṛjjana - with friends, accompanied by well-wishers/people

Bahuvrīhi compound: 'sa' (with) + 'suhṛjjana' (friends/well-wishers). 'suhṛj' (friend) + 'jana' (person).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+suhṛj+jana)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• suhṛj – friend, well-wisher
  noun (masculine)
  Compound: 'su' (good) + 'hṛd' (heart).
• jana – person, people, man
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'jan' (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

From root 'rāj' (to rule, shine).

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Direct address.

तिष्ठ (tiṣṭha) - remain (in your station) (stand, remain, stay, abide)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of sthā

Imperative mood, active voice, 2nd person singular.

Root 'sthā' (to stand), reduplicated present stem 'tiṣṭha'.

Root: sthā (class 1)

स्वसमये (svasamaye) - in your proper station/duty (in one's own proper time, place, or duty)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of svasamaya

svasamaya - one's own custom, proper time, proper place, own religious observance

Tatpurusha compound: 'sva' (own) + 'samaya' (time, rule, custom, proper occasion).

Compound type : tatpurusha (sva+samaya)

• sva – own, self
  pronoun (masculine/neuter/feminine)
• samaya – time, season, convention, agreement, proper occasion, religious obligation, moral rule
  noun (masculine)
  From 'sam' + root 'i' (to go).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Adverbial locative indicating 'in one's own place/duty'.

भर्तुः (bhartuḥ) - of the husband, of the master, of the supporter

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhartṛ

bhartṛ - husband, master, supporter, maintainer

From root 'bhṛ' (to bear, support) + 'tṛ' suffix.

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'vaśe'.

भार्या (bhāryā) - wife, consort

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of bhāryā

bhāryā - wife, consort, one to be maintained

Gerundive (ṇyat pratyaya) used as noun.

From root 'bhṛ' (to bear, support) + 'ṇya' suffix. Lit. 'one to be supported'.

Root: bhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the simile.

इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if, similar to)

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.

Note: Introduces a simile.

तद्वशे (tadvaśe) - under his (husband's) control (under his control, in his power)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tadvaśa

tadvaśa - under his control, subject to him

Tatpurusha compound: 'tad' (his) + 'vaśa' (control).

Compound type : tatpurusha (tad+vaśa)

• tad – that, his, its
  pronoun (masculine/neuter)
  Demonstrative pronoun, genitive singular implicitly.
• vaśa – will, power, control, subjection
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'vaś' (to wish, desire, control).
  Root: vaś (class 2)

Note: Indicates the state or condition.