वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-30, verse-14

सालतालाश्वकर्णांश्च तरसा पातयन्बहून् ।
पर्यस्यन् गिरिकूटानि द्रुमानन्यांश्च वेगतः ॥१४॥

14. sālatālāśvakarṇāṃśca tarasā pātayanbahūn ,
paryasyan girikūṭāni drumānanyāṃśca vegataḥ.

14. sālatālāśvakarṇān ca tarasā pātayan bahūn
paryasyan girikūṭāni drumān anyān ca vegataḥ

14. (saḥ) tarasā bahūn sālatālāśvakarṇān ca pātayan,
vegataḥ girikūṭāni anyān drumān ca paryasyan

14. Felling many sal, tala, and aśvakarṇa trees with force, and swiftly overturning mountain peaks and other trees.

Words meanings summery:

• सालतालाश्वकर्णान् (sālatālāśvakarṇān) - sal, tala, and aśvakarṇa trees (sal, tala, and aśvakarṇa trees (accusative plural))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तरसा (tarasā) - with force (by force, quickly, vehemently)

• पातयन् (pātayan) - felling (felling, causing to fall, throwing down)

• बहून् (bahūn) - many (trees) (many, numerous)

• पर्यस्यन् (paryasyan) - overturning (throwing down, overturning, scattering)

• गिरिकूटानि (girikūṭāni) - mountain peaks (mountain peaks, summits of mountains)

• द्रुमान् (drumān) - trees

• अन्यान् (anyān) - other (trees) (others, other)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• वेगतः (vegataḥ) - swiftly (swiftly, quickly, with speed)

Words meanings and morphology

सालतालाश्वकर्णान् (sālatālāśvakarṇān) - sal, tala, and aśvakarṇa trees (sal, tala, and aśvakarṇa trees (accusative plural))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sālatālāśvakarṇa

sālatālāśvakarṇa - (trees such as) sal, tala, and aśvakarṇa

dvandva compound listing types of trees

Compound type : itaretara-dvandva (sāla+tāla+aśvakarṇa)

• sāla – sal tree (Shorea robusta)
  noun (masculine)
• tāla – palmyra palm, fan palm
  noun (masculine)
• aśvakarṇa – aśvakarṇa tree (Vateria indica)
  noun (masculine)
  compound of aśva (horse) + karṇa (ear) - referring to the shape of the leaves

Note: Object of 'pātayan'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'sālatālāśvakarṇān' with other items (or the implicit sense of 'such as').

तरसा (tarasā) - with force (by force, quickly, vehemently)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of taras

taras - force, speed, vehemence

from root tṛ- "to cross, overcome"

Root: tṛ (class 1)

Note: Adverbial use, describing the manner of felling.

पातयन् (pātayan) - felling (felling, causing to fall, throwing down)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pātayat

pātayat - felling, causing to fall

Present Active Participle (Causative)

from causative root pat- "to fall" (pātayati)

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Describes an action performed by Lakshmana concurrently.

बहून् (bahūn) - many (trees) (many, numerous)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

Note: Qualifies 'sālatālāśvakarṇān'.

पर्यस्यन् (paryasyan) - overturning (throwing down, overturning, scattering)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paryasyat

paryasyat - throwing down, overturning, scattering

Present Active Participle

from root as- "to throw" with prefix pari-

Prefix: pari

Root: as (class 4)

Note: Describes an action performed by Lakshmana concurrently.

गिरिकूटानि (girikūṭāni) - mountain peaks (mountain peaks, summits of mountains)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of girikūṭa

girikūṭa - mountain peak, summit of a mountain

compound of giri and kūṭa

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (giri+kūṭa)

• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• kūṭa – peak, summit, horn, heap
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'paryasyan'.

द्रुमान् (drumān) - trees

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of druma

druma - tree

Root: dru

Note: Object of 'paryasyan'.

अन्यान् (anyān) - other (trees) (others, other)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'girikūṭāni' and 'drumān anyān'.

वेगतः (vegataḥ) - swiftly (swiftly, quickly, with speed)

(indeclinable)

'tas' suffix implies "from" or "by means of", here adverbial "with"

Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Describes the manner of overturning.

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