वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-30, verse-1

स कामिनं दीनमदीनसत्त्वः शोकाभिपन्नं समुदीर्णकोपम् ।
नरेन्द्रसूनुर्नरदेवपुत्रं रामानुजः पूर्वजमित्युवाच ॥१॥

1. sa kāminaṃ dīnamadīnasattvaḥ śokābhipannaṃ samudīrṇakopam ,
narendrasūnurnaradevaputraṃ rāmānujaḥ pūrvajamityuvāca.

1. saḥ kāminam dīnam adīnasattvaḥ śokābhipannam samudīrṇakopam
| narendrasūnuḥ naradevāputram rāmānujaḥ pūrvajam iti uvāca

1. rāmanujaḥ narendrasūnuḥ adīnasattvaḥ saḥ kāminam dīnam
śokābhipannam samudīrṇakopam naradevāputram pūrvajam iti uvāca

1. Lakshmana, the noble-minded son of a king and younger brother of Rama, thus addressed the king's son (Sugriva), who was entangled in desires, miserable, overwhelmed by sorrow, and intensely angry, (speaking) concerning his elder brother (Rama).

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - He (referring to Lakshmana) (he, that)

• कामिनम् (kāminam) - desirous of pleasure (referring to Sugriva) (desirous, lustful, passionate)

• दीनम् (dīnam) - miserable, distressed, afflicted

• अदीनसत्त्वः (adīnasattvaḥ) - Noble-minded (referring to Lakshmana) (noble-minded, strong-willed, having an undepressed spirit)

• शोकाभिपन्नम् (śokābhipannam) - overwhelmed by sorrow, grief-stricken

• समुदीर्णकोपम् (samudīrṇakopam) - having intense anger, full of aroused wrath

• नरेन्द्रसूनुः (narendrasūnuḥ) - Son of King Dasaratha (referring to Lakshmana) (son of a king)

• नरदेवापुत्रम् (naradevāputram) - Son of a king (referring to Sugriva) (son of a king, son of a god-like man)

• रामानुजः (rāmānujaḥ) - Lakshmana (the specific younger brother of Rama) (Rama's younger brother, Lakshmana)

• पूर्वजम् (pūrvajam) - His elder brother (Rama, referring to Lakshmana's elder brother) (elder brother, ancestor, former one)

• इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - He (referring to Lakshmana) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कामिनम् (kāminam) - desirous of pleasure (referring to Sugriva) (desirous, lustful, passionate)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāmin

kāmin - desirous, lustful, having a wish

Root: kam (class 1)

दीनम् (dīnam) - miserable, distressed, afflicted

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dīna

dīna - miserable, distressed, sad, poor

Past Passive Participle

From root 'dī' (to fade, decay) or 'dai' (to become wretched)

Root: dī (class 4)

अदीनसत्त्वः (adīnasattvaḥ) - Noble-minded (referring to Lakshmana) (noble-minded, strong-willed, having an undepressed spirit)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adīnasattva

adīnasattva - having an undepressed spirit, high-spirited, noble

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+dīna+sattva)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• dīna – miserable, distressed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root: dī (class 4)
• sattva – spirit, essence, courage, being
  noun (neuter)

शोकाभिपन्नम् (śokābhipannam) - overwhelmed by sorrow, grief-stricken

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śokābhipanna

śokābhipanna - overcome by grief, affected by sorrow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śoka+abhipanna)

• śoka – sorrow, grief
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• abhipanna – overcome, reached, fallen upon
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'pad' with prefix 'abhi'
  Prefix: abhi
  Root: pad (class 4)

समुदीर्णकोपम् (samudīrṇakopam) - having intense anger, full of aroused wrath

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samudīrṇakopa

samudīrṇakopa - having violent wrath, intensely angry

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (samudīrṇa+kopa)

• samudīrṇa – aroused, risen, intense, violent
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'īr' with prefixes 'sam' and 'ud'
  Prefixes: sam+ud
  Root: īr (class 2)
• kopa – anger, wrath, fury
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kup (class 4)

नरेन्द्रसूनुः (narendrasūnuḥ) - Son of King Dasaratha (referring to Lakshmana) (son of a king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of narendrasūnu

narendrasūnu - son of a king

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (narendra+sūnu)

• narendra – king (lord of men)
  noun (masculine)
• sūnu – son, offspring
  noun (masculine)

नरदेवापुत्रम् (naradevāputram) - Son of a king (referring to Sugriva) (son of a king, son of a god-like man)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of naradevāputra

naradevāputra - son of a king, son of a god-like man

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (naradeva+putra)

• naradeva – king (god among men)
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

रामानुजः (rāmānujaḥ) - Lakshmana (the specific younger brother of Rama) (Rama's younger brother, Lakshmana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāmānuja

rāmānuja - younger brother of Rama

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rāma+anuja)

• rāma – Rama (proper name, avatar of Vishnu)
  proper noun (masculine)
• anuja – younger brother
  noun (masculine)
  Root: jan (class 4)

पूर्वजम् (pūrvajam) - His elder brother (Rama, referring to Lakshmana's elder brother) (elder brother, ancestor, former one)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pūrvaja

pūrvaja - elder brother, ancestor, forefather, prior-born

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pūrva+ja)

• pūrva – former, earlier, prior
  adjective (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  suffix/adjective (masculine)
  From root 'jan' (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

इति (iti) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

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