वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-30, verse-29

स दीर्घोष्णमहोच्छ्वासः कोपसंरक्तलोचनः ।
बभूव नरशार्दूलसधूम इव पावकः ॥२९॥

29. sa dīrghoṣṇamahocchvāsaḥ kopasaṃraktalocanaḥ ,
babhūva naraśārdūlasadhūma iva pāvakaḥ.

29. saḥ dīrghoṣṇamahócchvāsaḥ kopa-saṃrakta-locanaḥ
babhūva naraśārdūla sa-dhūmaḥ iva pāvakaḥ

29. saḥ dīrghoṣṇamahócchvāsaḥ kopa-saṃrakta-locanaḥ
naraśārdūla sa-dhūmaḥ pāvakaḥ iva babhūva

29. He, whose great sighs were long and hot, and whose eyes were blood-red with anger, became like a smokey fire, O best among men.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - He (referring to a specific, angry character) (he, that (masculine singular nominative))

• दीर्घोष्णमहो́च्छ्वासः (dīrghoṣṇamahócchvāsaḥ) - whose great sighs were long and hot (indicating anger or distress) (whose long, great, hot sighs; having long, great, hot breaths)

• कोप-संरक्त-लोचनः (kopa-saṁrakta-locanaḥ) - His eyes were intensely red due to anger. (whose eyes were blood-red with anger; having eyes reddened by wrath)

• बभूव (babhūva) - He became (transformed into, or resembled) (became, happened, was)

• नरशार्दूल (naraśārdūla) - O best among men (vocative, addressing someone) (O tiger among men, O best of men)

• स-धूमः (sa-dhūmaḥ) - smokey (like a fire emitting smoke) (with smoke, smokey)

• इव (iva) - like (comparison) (like, as, as if)

• पावकः (pāvakaḥ) - fire (the element) (fire, purificatory agent)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - He (referring to a specific, angry character) (he, that (masculine singular nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दीर्घोष्णमहो́च्छ्वासः (dīrghoṣṇamahócchvāsaḥ) - whose great sighs were long and hot (indicating anger or distress) (whose long, great, hot sighs; having long, great, hot breaths)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dīrghoṣṇamahócchvāsa

dīrghoṣṇamahócchvāsa - one whose great sighs are long and hot

Bahuvrīhi compound describing a person's attributes.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dīrgha+uṣṇa+mahā+ucchvāsa)

• dīrgha – long
  adjective (masculine)
• uṣṇa – hot, warm
  adjective (masculine)
• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• ucchvāsa – sigh, breath, exhalation
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root śvas (to breathe) with prefix ud.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ'.

कोप-संरक्त-लोचनः (kopa-saṁrakta-locanaḥ) - His eyes were intensely red due to anger. (whose eyes were blood-red with anger; having eyes reddened by wrath)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kopa-saṃrakta-locana

kopa-saṁrakta-locana - one whose eyes are reddened by anger

Bahuvrīhi compound.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kopa+saṃrakta+locana)

• kopa – anger, wrath
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kup (class 4)
• saṃrakta – reddened, deeply colored, attached
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root rañj (to color) with prefix sam.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: rañj (class 1)
• locana – eye
  noun (neuter)
  From root loc (to see).
  Root: loc (class 10)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ'.

बभूव (babhūva) - He became (transformed into, or resembled) (became, happened, was)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (Liṭ) of bhū

Perfect tense (Liṭ), 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: bhū (class 1)

नरशार्दूल (naraśārdūla) - O best among men (vocative, addressing someone) (O tiger among men, O best of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of naraśārdūla

naraśārdūla - tiger among men, best of men

Tatpuruṣa compound (locative) or Bahuvrīhi. Here used as a vocative.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+śārdūla)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• śārdūla – tiger, excellent (when used metaphorically)
  noun (masculine)

स-धूमः (sa-dhūmaḥ) - smokey (like a fire emitting smoke) (with smoke, smokey)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sa-dhūma

sa-dhūma - with smoke, smokey

Bahuvrīhi compound, meaning 'possessing smoke'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+dhūma)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• dhūma – smoke, fume
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhū (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'pāvakaḥ'.

इव (iva) - like (comparison) (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle of comparison.

पावकः (pāvakaḥ) - fire (the element) (fire, purificatory agent)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pāvaka

pāvaka - fire, pure, purifier

Derived from root pū (to purify) with suffix -aka.

Root: pū (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative for 'saḥ' in comparison.

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