वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-30, verse-3

मतिक्षयाद्ग्राम्यसुखेषु सक्तस्तव प्रसादाप्रतिकारबुद्धिः ।
हतो ऽग्रजं पश्यतु वालिनं स न राज्यमेवं विगुणस्य देयम् ॥३॥

3. matikṣayādgrāmyasukheṣu saktastava prasādāpratikārabuddhiḥ ,
hato'grajaṃ paśyatu vālinaṃ sa na rājyamevaṃ viguṇasya deyam.

3. matikṣayāt grāmyasukheṣu saktaḥ
tava prasādāpratikārabuddhiḥ |
hataḥ agrajam paśyatu vālinam
saḥ na rājyam evam viguṇasya deyam

3. (saḥ) matikṣayāt grāmyasukheṣu saktaḥ (asti).
tava prasādāpratikārabuddhiḥ (asti).
saḥ hataḥ (san) vālinam agrajam paśyatu.
evam viguṇasya rājyam na deyam.

3. Because his intellect (buddhi) is corrupted, he is attached to worldly pleasures, and his mind is ungrateful for your (Rama's) favor. Let him, when slain, see his elder brother Valin (in the realm of the dead). A kingdom should certainly not be given to one so undeserving.

Words meanings summery:

• मतिक्षयात् (matikṣayāt) - due to the decay of intellect, from loss of understanding

• ग्राम्यसुखेषु (grāmyasukheṣu) - in sensual pleasures, in worldly enjoyments

• सक्तः (saktaḥ) - attached, addicted, devoted to

• तव (tava) - Your (Rama's) (your)

• प्रसादाप्रतिकारबुद्धिः (prasādāpratikārabuddhiḥ) - having an intellect (buddhi) unmindful of returning a favor, ungrateful

• हतः (hataḥ) - having been killed (slain, killed, destroyed)

• अग्रजम् (agrajam) - His elder brother (Valin) (elder brother)

• पश्यतु (paśyatu) - let him see, he should see

• वालिनम् (vālinam) - Valin

• सः (saḥ) - He (referring to Sugriva) (he, that)

• न (na) - not, no

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• विगुणस्य (viguṇasya) - of the undeserving, of the wicked, of the corrupt

• देयम् (deyam) - to be given, should be given

Words meanings and morphology

मतिक्षयात् (matikṣayāt) - due to the decay of intellect, from loss of understanding

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of matikṣaya

matikṣaya - decay of intellect, loss of understanding

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mati+kṣaya)

• mati – intellect, thought, understanding, opinion
  noun (feminine)
  Root: man (class 4)
• kṣaya – decay, loss, destruction, waste
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kṣi (class 1)

ग्राम्यसुखेषु (grāmyasukheṣu) - in sensual pleasures, in worldly enjoyments

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of grāmyasukha

grāmyasukha - worldly pleasures, sensual enjoyments

Compound type : karmadhāraya (grāmya+sukha)

• grāmya – belonging to a village, rustic, vulgar, sensual
  adjective (neuter)
• sukha – pleasure, happiness, ease, comfort
  noun (neuter)

सक्तः (saktaḥ) - attached, addicted, devoted to

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sakta

sakta - attached, devoted to, clinging, addicted

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sañj' (to cling, adhere)

Root: sañj (class 1)

तव (tava) - Your (Rama's) (your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (singular)

प्रसादाप्रतिकारबुद्धिः (prasādāpratikārabuddhiḥ) - having an intellect (buddhi) unmindful of returning a favor, ungrateful

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prasādāpratikārabuddhi

prasādāpratikārabuddhi - whose mind is unmindful of gratitude for a favor, ungrateful intellect

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (prasāda+apratikāra+buddhi)

• prasāda – favor, grace, kindness, clearness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: sad (class 1)
• apratikāra – without return, unrequited, ingratitude
  noun (masculine)
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, mind
  noun (feminine)
  Root: budh (class 1)

हतः (hataḥ) - having been killed (slain, killed, destroyed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, struck, destroyed, defeated

Past Passive Participle

From root 'han' (to strike, kill)

Root: han (class 2)

अग्रजम् (agrajam) - His elder brother (Valin) (elder brother)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of agraja

agraja - elder brother, first-born, forefather

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (agra+ja)

• agra – first, foremost, front, tip
  noun (neuter)
• ja – born, produced from
  suffix/adjective (masculine)
  From root 'jan' (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

पश्यतु (paśyatu) - let him see, he should see

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of dṛś

Root: dṛś (class 1)

वालिनम् (vālinam) - Valin

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vālin

vālin - Valin (name of the monkey king, Sugriva's elder brother)

सः (saḥ) - He (referring to Sugriva) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, dominion, rule

Root: rāj (class 1)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

विगुणस्य (viguṇasya) - of the undeserving, of the wicked, of the corrupt

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of viguṇa

viguṇa - destitute of good qualities, undeserving, wicked, faulty

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+guṇa)

• vi – without, deprived of, opposing
  prefix/indeclinable
• guṇa – quality, virtue, merit, attribute
  noun (masculine)

देयम् (deyam) - to be given, should be given

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of deya

deya - to be given, fit to be given, due, grantable

Gerundive

From root 'dā' (to give)

Root: dā (class 1)

Previous Verse Next Verse