वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-4, chapter-3, verse-16

महाप्रमाणौ विपुलौ तप्तहाटकभूषितौ ।
खड्गावेतौ विराजेते निर्मुक्तभुजगाविव ॥१६॥

16. mahāpramāṇau vipulau taptahāṭakabhūṣitau ,
khaḍgāvetau virājete nirmuktabhujagāviva.

16. mahāpramāṇau vipulau taptahāṭakabhūṣitau
khaḍgau etau virājete nirmuktabhujagau iva

16. etau mahāpramāṇau vipulau taptahāṭakabhūṣitau
khaḍgau nirmuktabhujagau iva virājete

16. These two swords, of great size and expanse, adorned with refined gold, shine brightly like two serpents that have just cast off their skin.

Words meanings summery:

• महाप्रमाणौ (mahāpramāṇau) - of great size, of vast measure

• विपुलौ (vipulau) - large, expansive, abundant

• तप्तहाटकभूषितौ (taptahāṭakabhūṣitau) - adorned with refined/molten gold

• खड्गौ (khaḍgau) - two swords

• एतौ (etau) - these two

• विराजेते (virājete) - they shine brightly, they are resplendent

• निर्मुक्तभुजगौ (nirmuktabhujagau) - two serpents that have shed their skin

• इव (iva) - like, as if

Words meanings and morphology

महाप्रमाणौ (mahāpramāṇau) - of great size, of vast measure

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of mahāpramāṇa

mahāpramāṇa - of great measure, large, immense

Compound.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+pramāṇa)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• pramāṇa – measure, size, dimension, authority
  noun (neuter)
  action noun
  From root `mā` (to measure) with prefix `pra-`.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: mā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with `khaḍgau`.

विपुलौ (vipulau) - large, expansive, abundant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vipula

vipula - large, extensive, vast, broad, abundant

From `vi-` + `pula` (root `pul` to be large).

Prefix: vi

Root: pul (class 10)

Note: Agrees with `khaḍgau`.

तप्तहाटकभूषितौ (taptahāṭakabhūṣitau) - adorned with refined/molten gold

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of taptahāṭakabhūṣita

taptahāṭakabhūṣita - adorned with heated/refined gold

Compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tapta+hāṭaka+bhūṣita)

• tapta – heated, molten, refined, suffering
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `tap` (to heat, suffer).
  Root: tap (class 1)
• hāṭaka – gold
  noun (neuter)
• bhūṣita – adorned, decorated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `bhūṣ` (to adorn).
  Root: bhūṣ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with `khaḍgau`.

खड्गौ (khaḍgau) - two swords

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of khaḍga

khaḍga - sword

Root: khaḍg (class 10)

Note: Subject of `virājete`.

एतौ (etau) - these two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of etad

etad - this, these

Note: Agrees with `khaḍgau`.

विराजेते (virājete) - they shine brightly, they are resplendent

(verb)

3rd person , dual, middle, present (laṭ) of virāj

Present tense, middle voice

Root `rāj` (to shine) with prefix `vi-`. `ātmanepada`.

Prefix: vi

Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Verb for `khaḍgau`.

निर्मुक्तभुजगौ (nirmuktabhujagau) - two serpents that have shed their skin

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of nirmuktabhujaga

nirmuktabhujaga - a serpent that has cast off its skin (lit. 'freed/released serpent')

Compound.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (nirmukta+bhujaga)

• nirmukta – released, freed, cast off, shed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `muc` (to free, release) with prefix `nir-`.
  Prefix: nir
  Root: muc (class 6)
• bhujaga – serpent, snake (lit. 'moving on its shoulder/arm')
  noun (masculine)
  Compound: `bhuja` (arm/shoulder) + `ga` (goer).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used in comparison.

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

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